具有耐燃疏水功能超轻气凝胶的制备及其吸油性  

Preparation and oil absorption performance of flame-retardant and hydrophobic ultralight aerogels

作　　者：蔡昊鑫 詹颖菲 邓红兵 CAI Haoxin;ZHAN Yingfei;DENG Hongbing(College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Resource and Environmental Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [2]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430079 [3]东华大学纺织科技创新中心,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2024年第4期12-20,共9页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52173061)。

摘　　要：为制备具有油水分离性能和阻燃性能的纤维素基气凝胶吸油剂,以纤维素纳米纤维为气凝胶基底材料,并在纤维表面覆盖具有耐燃性的累托石(REC)和疏水的硅烷涂层,制得具有耐燃疏水功能的超轻纤维素气凝胶,并测定其表观密度、阻燃性、疏水性和吸油性。研究发现:该气凝胶具有纤维结构,表观密度范围在8.10~9.95 mg/cm^(3)之间,且具有超过130°的水接触角,显示出超轻和疏水特性。燃烧时为无焰燃烧,并且在离火后迅速止燃,具有良好的阻燃性能。此外,其最高吸油量达到(64.63±3.29)g/g,且在60 s内即可达到饱和吸油,显示出良好的吸油效果,该材料为溢油处理领域提供了一种潜在的解决方案。In order to prepare cellulose aerogel oil absorbents with oil-water separation performance and flame retardancy,cellulose nanofibers were utilized as the aerogel matrix material,onto which flame-retardant montmorillonite and hydrophobic silane coatings were deposited on the fiber surface,resulting in the fabrication of flame-retardant and hydrophobic cellulose aerogels.The apparent density,flame retardancy,hydrophobicity,and oil absorption performance of the obtained aerogels were determined.It is found that the aerogels possessed fibrous structure with apparent densities ranging from 8.10 to 9.95 mg/cm^(3) and water contact angles exceeding 130°,indicating ultralight and hydrophobic characteristics.During combustion,they exhibited flameless combustion behavior and rapidly ceased burning after removal from the flame,demonstrating excellent flame retardancy.Moreover,they exhibited a maximum oil absorption capacity of(64.63±3.29)g/g,reaching saturation oil absorption within 60 seconds,indicating excellent oil absorption performance.This aerogel provides a potential solution for oil spill treatment applications.

关 键 词：纤维素气凝胶 累托石 疏水 吸油 油/水分离 

分 类 号：TS101.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]