岗梅不同育苗技术试验  

Experiment on Different Seedling Cultivation Techniques for Ilex asprella

作　　者：张发游 ZHANG Fayou(Fujian Qingliu State-owned Forest Farm,Qingliu 365300,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省清流国有林场,福建清流365300

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2024年第3期96-100,共5页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了探索岗梅高效育苗技术,于2022—2023年在福建省西部的清流县嵩溪洋塅,开展岗梅种子不同催芽处理、不同光照处理和不同播种时间的对比试验。结果表明:不同催芽处理、遮阳处理、播种时间处理之间育苗效果差异显著。催芽处理促进岗梅种子早发芽和提高出芽整齐度,出土时间提早,出土至发芽结束区间缩短,以细沙催芽(A_(1)处理)效果最佳。细沙催芽从播种至出土时间为62 d、种子出土到发芽结束时间为11 d、种子发芽率达到75.4%、苗木地径为0.48 cm、平均苗高为52 cm、主根长度18.2 cm、长度大于5 cm的侧根数为5根,与不催芽处理相比,分别提早24 d、缩短32 d、提高161.8%、增加108.7%、提高108.0%、提高114.0%、增加400%。岗梅育苗苗期需要较大强度遮阳,以遮荫网遮光率70%(B_(1)处理)育苗效果最好,苗木平均地径0.46 cm、平均苗高51 cm、主根长度16.5 cm、成活率95.3%,分别比对照(全光照)提高283.0%、155.0%、194.6%、39.5%。岗梅育苗需要适当早播,以1月(C_(1)处理)播种育苗效果最好,平均地径、平均苗高、主根长度、成活率分别比3月(C_(3)处理)高出96.2%、152.0%、108.0%、28.6%。To investigate efficient seedling cultivation techniques for Ilex asprella,from 2022 to 2023,in Songxi Yangduan in Qingliu County,western Fujian Province,a comparative test of different germination treatment,different light treatment and different planting time for Ilex asprella seeds was conducted.The results revealed significant differences in seedling cultivation outcomes among the diverse treatments.Germination treatments aided Ilex asprella seeds′early sprouting,and improved the uniformity of seedling emergence,with the best results obtained through fine sand germination(A_(1)treatment).Comparing with no germination treatment,fine sand germination led to emergence within 62 days,an advancement by 24 days.The time from seed emergence to germination end was reduced by 32 days to 11 days.Germination rate reached 75.4%,increasing by 161.8%.Seedling basal diameter was 0.48 cm,with an increase of 108.7%;average seedling height was 52 cm,with an elevation of 108.0%;main root length was 18.2 cm,with a growth of 114.0%;and the number of lateral roots longer than 5 cm increased by 400%to 5 roots.Seedling cultivation of Ilex asprella requires substantial shade,with the best results achieved with 70%shading net coverage(B_(1)treatment).Relative to full sun exposure,the average seedling diameter,height,main root length,and survival rates increased by 283.0%,155.0%,194.6%and 39.5%,resulting in metrics of 0.46 cm,51 cm,16.5 cm and 95.3%,respectively.Early sowing is beneficial for Ilex asprella seedling cultivation,and the best outcomes are obtained when sowing in January(C_(1)treatment).Compared to sowing in March(C_(3)treatment),average seedling diameter,height,main root length,and survival rates elevated by 96.2%,152.0%,108.0%and 28.6%,respectively.

关 键 词：岗梅 育苗 技术措施 

分 类 号：S723[农业科学—林木遗传育种]