南京市儿童蛲虫病综合防控措施干预效果评价  

Evaluation of the intervention effect of comprehensive prevention and control measures on enterobiasis among children in Nanjing City

作　　者：何伊莎[1] 杨佩才[1] 殷位刚[1] 谢朝勇[1] HE Yisha;YANG Peicai;YIN Weigang;XIE Chaoyong(Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210003,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2024年第4期487-495,501,共10页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：江苏省血地寄科研课题(x202124)。

摘　　要：目的评价南京市儿童蛲虫病综合防控措施干预效果,为儿童蛲虫病防控策略的制定和调整提供实践依据。方法采用整群随机抽样法,2022年9—10月在南京市12个区中各随机抽取1所幼儿园,对全部儿童开展蛲虫感染情况调查,分别在主城区和郊区各选取感染率较高且环境、规模等相近的4所幼儿园,将其全部儿童、与儿童同住的1名监护人和每个班级的班主任纳入研究对象。其中主城区2所和郊区2所幼儿园为实验组,实施儿童蛲虫病综合防控干预措施;其余4所为对照组,实施传统蛲虫病防控措施,两组均开展为期1年的干预(2022年11月—2023年11月)。实验组干预分为症状监测(对疑似儿童蛲虫感染的症状进行监测)、同伴监测(对患儿同住家人和同班级儿童、玩伴采样检测)、环境监测(采用透明胶纸对阳性患儿家庭和所在班级环境粘贴采样),并从“知、信、行”3个维度切入,家庭、学校、社区多部门协同开展健康教育干预。对照组干预仅对检测发现的阳性患儿驱虫治疗,对患儿及其家属进行健康宣教。干预实施完成后采用透明胶纸肛拭法对两组儿童开展蛲虫感染情况调查。干预实施前后,分别对每个班级的班主任和与儿童同住的1名监护人开展蛲虫病防治相关问卷调查。结果干预前,实验组和对照组蛲虫感染率分别为1.5%(13/885)和1.4%(12/886),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.042,P>0.05)。干预期间,实验组症状监测共发现疑似症状儿童234人,其中有肛门瘙痒症状者占比最多(34.6%,81/234),其次为睡觉磨牙症状者(20.5%,48/234);疑似症状儿童共检出阳性8例,有肛门瘙痒症状者占比最多(5/8),其次为睡觉磨牙症状者(2/8)。同伴监测共在患儿同住家人中检出阳性4例,同班级儿童中检出阳性2例。环境监测中在患儿家庭环境中检出毛绒玩具阳性样品4份,被子、床单、沙发阳性样品各2份,在患儿班级中检�Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of comprehensive prevention and control measures on enterobiasis among children so as to provide a informative basis for formulating and adjusting the prevention and control strategies.Methods Using random cluster sampling method,one kindergarten was selected from each of the 12 districts in Nanjing to conduct a survey on the infection of Enterobius vermicularis among all children in September to October 2022.Based on the survey results,four kindergartens with higher infection rates and similar environment and scale were selected from both urban and suburban areas,respectively.All children from 8 kindergartens,one guardian living with each child and the class teacher of each class were enrolled in the survey.Among them,two kindergartens in the urban area and two in the suburbs were assigned as the experimental group implemnting compre‑hensive control measures,while the remaining four kindergartens as the control group carring out traditional control measures;both groups conducted one‑year intervention from November 2022 to November 2023.For the experimental group,the intervention measres comprised of symptom surveillance(on children’s suspected symptoms of Enterbobius infection),companion surveillance(sampling test for positive children’s family members living together with,classmates and playmates),and environmental surveillance(using transparent adhesive tape pasting method to collect environmental samples from positive children’s families and classes),as well as health education with three‑dimension of“knowledge,attitude,and practice”as entering point to perform educational intervention jointly with multiple sectors including families,schools,and communities.The intervention measures for the control group were deworming for positive children only and health education delivered to the children and their family members.The After completion of the intervention study,anal swab method with transparent adhesive tape was used to examine the E.vermicularis

关 键 词：蛲虫 综合防控措施 儿童 干预 健康教育 

分 类 号：R532.13[医药卫生—内科学]