2021—2022年山东省土源性线虫感染监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections in Shandong Province from 2021 to 2022

作　　者：王龙江 许艳[1] 孙慧 李曰进 卜灿灿 吕文祥 张本光[1] 孔祥礼[1] 闫歌[1] 王用斌[1] WANG Longjiang;XU Yan;SUN Hui;LI Yuejin;BU Cancan;LV Wenxiang;ZHANG Benguang;KONG Xiangli;YAN Ge;WANG Yongbin(Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jining 272033,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省寄生虫病防治研究所,山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东济宁272033

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2024年第4期537-541,共5页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202201050165,202301050242)。

摘　　要：为了解山东省人体土源性线虫感染现状,为优化防控策略提供科学依据,2021—2022年采取整群抽样方法随机抽取山东省27个县(市、区)作为监测点,各监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每片区随机抽取1个乡镇的1个行政村,每行政村3周岁以上常住人口抽取不少于200人作为监测对象。收集监测对象的基本信息及粪便样品,用改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato‑Katz法,一粪二检)检测蠕虫卵并计数,试管滤纸培养法鉴别钩虫虫种,透明胶纸肛拭法检查3~9岁儿童蛲虫感染情况。建立数据库,利用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析,计算感染率、感染度,感染率间的比较采用卡方检验。2021—2022年共检测29622人,土源性线虫总感染率为0.55%(162/29622)。钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫的感染率分别为0.02%(7/29622)、0.02%(6/29622)、0.51%(152/29622),钩虫经培养鉴定均为十二指肠钩虫。152名鞭虫感染者中,重度感染2人,中度感染6人,其余均为轻度感染;6名蛔虫感染者和7名钩虫感染者均为轻度感染。鲁南、鲁东、鲁西北、鲁中地区土源性线虫感染率分别为0.97%(118/12208)、0.84%(43/5117)、0.01%(1/7140)、0(0/5157)。男性、女性土源性线虫感染率分别为0.55%(79/14362)和0.54%(83/15260)(χ^(2)=0.005,P>0.05);各年龄组中,60~99岁组土源性线虫感染率最高,为1.11%(107/9612)(χ^(2)=86.274,P<0.05);各职业中,农民土源性线虫感染率最高,为0.78%(148/18863)(χ^(2)=54.078,P<0.05);不同文化程度人群中,文盲/半文盲人群土源性线虫感染率最高,为2.43%(60/2468)(χ^(2)=175.458,P<0.05)。共检测2584名儿童,蛲虫感染率为1.16%(30/2584)。男童、女童蛲虫感染率分别为1.60%(22/1375)、0.66%(8/1209)(χ^(2)=4.936,P<0.05);各年龄中7岁组儿童感染率最高,为4.50%(15/333)(χ^(2)=39.798,P<0.05)。山东省土源性线虫感染呈现地区、人群分布不均衡的特征,提示今后应在土源性线虫病监测的基础上,加强重点地In order to understand the current situation of soil‑transmitted nematode infections in humans in Shandong Province and provide the scientific basis for optimizing prevention and control strategies,from 2021 to 2022,27 counties in Shandong Province were randomly selected as surveillance sites.Each surveillance site was di‑vided into five regions(east,west,south,north,and central)based on geography,and one administrative village from one township was randomly selected in each region.A total of 200 permanent residents with an age of over 3 years were taken as the surveillance object from each village by cluster sampling method.Basic information and the fecal samples were collected,and the worm eggs were examined in duplicates using the modified Kato‑Katz thick smear method(one sample,two slide‑readings)and counted.Hookworm species were identified using the tube filter paper cul‑ture technique.Children aged 3-9 years old were tested for Enterobius termicularis by anal transparent tape.A data‑base was established,and SPSS 26.0 software was used to perform the statistical analysis.The infection rate and Infectivity were calculated.The infection rates were analyzed using the Chi‑square test.A total of 29622 people were detected in the province in 2021-2022,and the total infection rate of soil‑transmitted nematode was 0.55%(162/29622).The infection rates of hookworm,Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were 0.02%(7/29622),0.02%(6/29622)and 0.51%(152/29622),respectively.The hookworm samples were all identified as Ancylostoma duodenale.Among the 152 trichuriasis patients,2 were severely infected,6 were moderately infected,and the rest were slightly infected.Six A.lumbricoides infections and seven hookworm infections were mild infections.The prevalence of soil‑transmitted nema‑tode was 0.97%(118/12208),0.84%(43/5117),0.01%(1/7140),0(0/5157)in southern,eastern,northwestern and central Shandong.The infection rate of soil‑transmitted nematode was 0.55%(79/14362)in males and 0.54%(83/15260)in fema

关 键 词：土源性线虫 感染率 监测 山东省 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]