通辽市大到暴雪时空变化特征及区域性过程评估  

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Regional Processes Evaluation of Heavy Snowstorms in Tongliao

作　　者：贾宁 齐佳慧 杨旋 于佳琪 张健航 Jia Ning;Qi Jiahui;Yang Xuan;Yu Jiaqi;Zhang Jianhang(Tongliao Meteorological Bureau,Inner Mongolia Tongliao 028000)

机构地区：[1]通辽市气象局,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2024年第3期16-20,共5页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

摘　　要：基于通辽市1960—2020年的气象资料,分析大到暴雪站次及区域性过程的时空变化特征,参考区域性暴雨过程评估方法对区域性大到暴雪进行定量评估。结果表明:(1)暴雪极值呈明显的北部小于南部,站次分布整体上北部和南部多,中部偏少。年平均大到暴雪日数0.46d。通辽市大雪以上站次数285站次,11、3月为发生大到暴雪主要月份,隆冬时节1—2月最少。大到暴雪主要出现在3月下旬,达39站次。大到暴雪站次数年际变化呈上升趋势。(2)区域性大到暴雪过程58次,单日区域性大到暴雪占83%,区域性过程主要出现在3—4月。(3)过程评估结合降雪强度(降水量、积雪深度)、降雪范围、持续时间,得出有3次特强区域性大到暴雪过程。结合本地情况,定义综合强度X值在48以上为特强区域性大到暴雪过程,28以上为强区域性大到暴雪过程,18以上为较强区域性大到暴雪过程。区域性大到暴雪等级评估方法适用性较好,利于区域性过程强度的划分。Based on the meteorological data of Tongliao from 1960 to 2020,the spatial and temporal characteristics of heavy snowfall stations and regional processes were analyzed,and the regional heavy snowfall was quantitatively evaluated by referring to the method of evaluating regional heavy rainfall process.The results showed that:(1)The extreme values of snowstorm in the north were obviously smaller than those in the south,while the number of stations occurred snowstorms was more in the north and south,and less in the central.The average number of heavy snow days per year was 0.46 days.The total number of heavy snow happened in those stations in Tongliao was 285.November and March were the months heavy snow happened most,and January to February was least.Heavy snow mainly appeared in late March,with a total of 39 stations,and showed an increasing trend year by year.(2)There were 58 regional heavy snowfall processes,83%of which lasted only 1 day,and the regional processes mainly occurred in March and April.(3)According to the snowfall intensity(precipitation and snow depth),range and duration,the evaluation was carried out and the result showed that there were three extremely strong regional snowstorm processes.Combined with local situation,the regional processes could be divided according to the comprehensive intensity X value.The processes with X value above 48 were the extra-strong regional heavy snow processes,above 28 were the strong regional processes,and above 18 were the less-strong regional processes.This method was suitable for evaluating snowstorm intensity.

关 键 词：大到暴雪 区域性过程 时空特征 定量评估 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]