数字文化异质性研究:异托邦建构与版权解构  

Research on the Heterology of Digital Culture:Heterotopia Construction and Copyright Deconstruction

作　　者：魏西笑 向勇[1,2] WEI Xixiao;XIANG Yong(School of Arts,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute for Cultural Industries,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学艺术学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学文化产业研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期168-178,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

摘　　要：随着以人工智能为代表的数字技术的普及,文化作品的生产消费快速发生改变,数字文化作品的重叠堆积使得越来越多的人参与其中并全面改变了生产关系。数字文化作品具有越来越显著的空间特征,同时出现了与乌托邦式版权管理理想相悖的发展态势,继而被纳入了以福柯的异托邦为代表的空间理论观照的视域中。数字文化空间具有关系重构、补偿并置、流变区隔的典型异托邦表征,数字技术对现实中版权制度的保护创作者、激发创造力、维护平衡性等乌托邦想象和预设的消解,数字化手段赋予创作主体在受到版权制度和背后资本主义权力体系的排挤时颠覆性的抵抗手段,令数字文化空间具有了从根本上区别于真实空间的异质性。在认识到数字文化空间异质性的来源之外,也需要反思其带来的审美失衡和技术失训的异托邦危机。异托邦理论的运用,一方面把握了数字文化作品的空间特征,另一方面对资本主义权力体系主导的现行版权制度作出反思,为重构版权体系开辟了另类探索进路。With the advancement and widespread adoption of digital technologies represented by artificial intelligence,the production and consumption of cultural works have undergone profound changes.The overlapping accumulation of digital cultural works has attracted more and more people to participate,fundamentally changing traditional production relationships.This study aims to explore the spatial characteristics of digital cultural works in the context of new technologies and their challenges to the current copyright management system,using Foucault’s theory of heterotopia for in-depth analysis.In the research process,this paper adopts literature review,case analysis,and theoretical discussion methods to summarize the spatial characteristics of digital cultural works in terms of relational reconstruction,compensatory juxtaposition,and dynamic segmentation.Additionally,this study examines the impact of digital technologies on the copyright system in practice,including the protection of creators,stimulation of creativity and maintenance of balance.The research process involves several key steps.First,the study reviews the historical development of copyright law and its intended utopian ideals of protecting creators,stimulating creativity,and maintaining market balance.Next,it examines how digital technologies have disrupted these ideals by enabling widespread,low-cost reproduction and distribution of cultural works.The study then explores the spatial characteristics of digital cultural works,drawing on Foucault’s heterotopia and Lefebvre’s spatial theories to analyze how these characteristics manifest in digital spaces.Empirical testing is conducted through case studies of digital cultural works,assessing how they embody heterotopia characteristics.The research results show that digital cultural works gradually exhibit unique heterotopia characteristics,not only excelling in relational reconstruction and compensatory juxtaposition but also prominently featuring dynamic segmentation and diversified decoding.Digital t

关 键 词：数字文化空间 元宇宙 数字文化作品 异托邦理论 版权制度 空间异质性 人工智能 

分 类 号：G124[文化科学] TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]