16阵元微带天线馈源阵列研制及测试  

Development and Testing of a 16-element Microstrip Antenna Feed Array

作　　者：王凯[1,2,3] 闫浩 马军[1,3] 陈卯蒸 曹亮[1,3] 段雪峰 宁云炜[1,3] WANG Kai;YAN Hao;MA Jun;CHEN Mao-zheng;CAO Liang;DUAN Xue-feng;NING Yun-wei(Xinjiang Astronomical observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Microwave Technology,Urumqi 830011)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆天文台,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]新疆微波技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《天文学报》2024年第5期48-58,共11页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：上海合作组织科技伙伴计划及国际科技合作计划研究(2020E01041);国家自然科学基金项目(11973078);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A358);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(2020-XBQNXZ-018);中国科学院天文台站设备更新及重大仪器设备运行专项经费资助。

摘　　要：基于新疆天文台南山25 m射电望远镜,设计了工作在1.25 GHz的4×4矩形排布16阵元微带天线馈源阵列,阵元间距为0.7倍波长,2×2子阵合成一个波束,可实现偏轴扫描一个波束宽度,瞬时可形成9个波束.经阵列样机加工后的实验室测试,得到阵列各端口回波损耗均在-10 dB以下,阵元间耦合度均在-30 dB以下,独立阵元、2×2子阵和4×4全阵均匀赋权合成后波束增益分别为3.64、14.7和18.5 dBi.通过在不同扫描方式下选择对应阵元按照共轭匹配法进行赋权,并将馈源阵列的实测结果导入仿真软件模拟25 m反射面下的各项性能,最终得到天线增益在30 dBi左右,旁瓣电平在-20 dB以下,轴向波束的波束宽度为0.61°,波束扫描角度为1.6°.上述实测数据与仿真结果的差异,与阵列加工以及幅相调整和测试平台精度有关,相关工作为相控阵接收机前端馈源阵列设计及实测积累了经验,对未来更多阵元数量的阵列设计及性能验证具备较好的指导意义.Based on the NanShan 25 m Radio Telescope of XAO(Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory),we design a 4×4 rectangular microstrip antenna array as feed array with element spacing of 0.7 times wavelength.A 2×2 sub-array synthesizes a single beam,capable of off-axis scanning up to one beamwidth.It can instantly form 9 beams.After fabricating the array prototype in the laboratory,we test that the return loss of each port in the array is below-10 dB,and the coupling between the different array elements is below-30 dB.The beam gains of the independent array element and after uniform weighting of 2×2 sub array and 4×4 full array are 3.64,14.7,and 18.5 dBi,respectively.By selecting the corresponding array elements under different scanning methods and using the conjugate matching method for weighting,and importing the measured results of the feed array into the simulation software to simulate various performance under a 25 m reflector,the final antenna gain is around 30 dBi,the sidelobe level is below-20 dB,the beam width of the axial beam is 0.61 degrees,and the beam scanning angle is 1.6 degrees.Although there are slight differences between the above measured data and simulation results,which are related to array fabricating,amplitude and phase adjustment,and testing platform accuracy,the relevant work has accumulated experience for the design and measurement of feed array for phased array receiver,and has good guiding significance for future array design and performance verification with more array elements.

关 键 词：望远镜 技术:雷达天文 仪器:探测器 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]