北京城市河湖大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构与水质生物学评价  

The structure of large benthic invertebrate community and biological evaluation of water quality in urban rivers and lakes of Beijing

作　　者：李岱[1] 张跃武 董雅欠 何沛洋 LI Dai;ZHANG Yuewu;DONG Yaqian;He Peiyang(Beijing Urban Rivers and Lakes Management Office,Beijing 100144,China;Beijing Jingchuang Jingyuan Environmental Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市城市河湖管理处,北京100144 [2]北京京创净源环境技术研究院有限公司,北京100097

出　　处：《北京水务》2024年第4期61-65,共5页Beijing Water

摘　　要：为探讨北京城市河湖底栖动物群落结构特征,分别于2022年夏、秋季对北京城市河湖11条河道43个点位进行了采样调查,采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Hilsenhoff指数和相对重要性指数进行水质生物学评价。两季共鉴定底栖动物59种属,种类组成以水生昆虫和软体动物为主。夏、秋季底栖动物密度为113.30和94.97个/m^(2),生物量为28.18和14.88g/m^(2)。水质生物学评价表明,北京城市河湖环境处于轻度污染和β-中污染之间。通过调查底栖动物群落结构特征,运用多种生物评价指数评价河流水质,揭示种类组成与水质的响应关系,为北京城市河湖生态修复提供数据支撑和科学依据。To investigate the community structure characteristics of benthic animals in urban rivers and lakes of Beijing,a sampling survey was conducted at 43 sites across 11 rivers in summer and autumn of 2022.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Hilsenhoff index,and relative importance index were used for biological assessment of water quality.A total of 59 benthic animal species were identified across the two seasons,with aquatic insects and mollusks being the main components.The density of benthic animals was 113.30 individuals/m^(2)in summer and 94.97 individuals/m^(2)in autumn,with biomass measuring 28.18 g/m^(2)and 14.88 g/m^(2),respectively.The biological assessment of water quality indicated that the environment of urban rivers and lakes in Beijing ranged from mildly polluted to moderately polluted(β-mesosaprobic).By investigating the community structure characteristics of benthic animals and using various biological assessment indices to evaluate water quality,the relationship between species composition and water quality was revealed.This provides data support and scientific basis for the ecological restoration of urban rivers and lakes in Beijing.

关 键 词：北京市城市河湖 大型底栖动物 群落结构 优势物种 水质生物学评价 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]