数字社会主义:问题域与理论流脉  

Digital Socialism:Problem Domains and Theoretical Veins

作　　者：潘娜[1,2] Pan Na(School of History,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Institute of Contemporary China Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院当代中国研究所

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第5期144-164,共21页Open Times

基　　金：中国社会科学院首批“培远计划”资助。

摘　　要：数字社会主义是后金融危机时代西方世界兴起的一股新思潮,业已从“加州意识形态”的新话语转变为左翼建构资本主义替代方案的新主张,其理论走向大致形成三条脉络:一是挖掘20世纪20年代以来“社会主义经济计算大辩论”的理论资源,重新探讨社会主义经济计划的可行性;二是聚焦马克思关于机器化大生产的经典论断,围绕“一般智力”等核心要件重塑数字权力关系,创建新型数字公地;三是从扬弃资本主义信用制度出发,建构基于区块链技术禀赋的代码治理系统。根本而言,目前种种数字社会主义模型囿于左翼固有局限,是一种充满技术乌托邦色彩的激进改良主义,不构成对资本主义生产方式和生产关系的完全替代。不过,数字社会主义在西方内部出现,揭示了数字金融资本主义的深刻危机,展现了这种危机所蕴含的变革因素,为非西方世界创造人类文明新形态提供了一种来自“他者”的比照和启示。Digital socialism is a new trend of thought that emerged in the post-financial crisis era of the Western world.It has already transformed from a new discourse of Californian ideology to a new reform proposal promoted by left-wing that offers an alternative to capitalism.It contains three major agendas:the first is to review the theoretical resources of the“socialist economic calculation debate”since the 1920s,and re-explore the feasibility of socialist economic planning;the second is to reread the fragment on machines in Marx's Grundrisse,focusing on the key elements of productive forces such as general intellect to empower digital labor and create a new public digital platform;the third is to explore a code governance system based on blockchain for the purpose of abolishing the capitalist credit system.Fundamentally,digital socialism is at most an improvement framed by the radical left based on techno-utopian imaginaries,and its various theoretical models,limited by the left's inherent defect,cannot constitute an overall replacement of the capitalist forms and relations of production.Anyway,digital socialism is generated in the Western world,reflecting the profound crisis of digital financial capitalism,showcasing the transformative factors contained in this crisis,and providing some comparison and inspiration from the“other”for the non-Western world to create a new form of human civilization.

关 键 词：加州意识形态 数字社会主义 资本主义替代方案 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] D033.3[政治法律—政治学] D033.4