把制度性结构带回来——农民专业合作社经营中的人情信任及其制度性基础  

Bringing Institutional Structures Back:Reciprocal Trust and Its Institutional Foundations in specialized farmers'cooperatives

作　　者：郭伟和 张鑫鑫 Guo Weihe;Zhang Xinxin(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China;School of Law,Southwest Petroleum University)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院 [2]西南石油大学法学院

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第5期205-223,共19页Open Times

基　　金：国家民委领军人才计划资助项目“现代化背景下民族地区社区治理转型研究”(项目编号:2020000206)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：以卡尔·波兰尼提出的嵌入性概念为基础,经济社会学长期以来关注的是理性经济行为的社会文化基础。尤其,格兰诺维特提出的社会关系网络及其蕴含的互惠信任等文化资本,更是成了分析资本下乡、市场交易和合作经营的社会条件和基础。然而,中国的乡村社会已不是原来稳定的熟人社会,其社会关系和文化传统正在经历着个体化、理性化和工具化的转变,找回制度和结构,把人情关系反嵌于正式制度和结构中,才能缓解流动社会人际关系的短期化和投机性风险。本研究以M合作社为例,展示合作社创办人利用制度性结构关系来粘合合作社经营中脆弱的人情关系的行动过程,表明传统乡土资源面对现代化转型难以再独立发挥合作作用,必须平衡好非正式人情关系与正式制度结构的关系,不能一味地强调正式制度的非正式运作的社会基础。Based on Karl Polanyi's concept of embeddedness,economic sociology has long focused on the sociocultural foundations of rational economic behavior.Particularly,Granovetter's concept of social network ties and its implications of reciprocity and trust as cultural capital have become crucial for analyzing the social conditions and foundations of capital in rural areas,market transactions,and cooperative ventures.However,rural Chinese society is no longer the stable network of familiar relationships it once was;its social ties and cultural traditions are undergoing a transformation towards individualization,rationalization,and instrumentalization.To address the transient and speculative risks of interpersonal relationships in a mobile society,it is necessary to reintegrate informal personal relationships into formal institutional structures and frameworks.This study,using the example of the M specialized farmers'cooperative,demonstrates the elite status of its founders and the vulnerability of the cooperative group.It illustrates how these groups use institutional structural relationships to mitigate the vulnerability of interpersonal relationships within cooperative operations.It underscores the fact that traditional local resources struggle to independently facilitate cooperation in the face of modernization and stresses the need to balance the relationship between informal personal ties and formal institutional structures.Emphasizing solely on the formal institutional operation of social foundations is not advisable.

关 键 词：合作机制 社会资本 人情关系 制度嵌入 

分 类 号：F321.42[经济管理—产业经济] C912.3[社会学]