深化市场化改革对科技创新活跃度的影响  

Impact of Deepening Market-Oriented Reforms on STI Activity

作　　者：张菀洺[1,2] 代伟 刘晓华 ZHANG Wanming;DAI Wei;LIU Xiaohua(University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,102488;Henan Province Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center,450008)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学商学院 [2]中国资本市场研究中心,102488 [3]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,102488 [4]河南省科技创新促进中心,450008

出　　处：《财贸经济》2024年第9期93-109,共17页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：河南省软科学研究计划重点项目“河南‘科技+普惠+绿色’金融综合协同改革创新的机制与路径研究”(232400411030)。

摘　　要：科技创新是提高社会生产力和综合国力的战略支撑,处于发展全局的核心位置。本文构建了包含科研部门和科研成果转化部门的理论分析框架,并使用2010一2019年的省级面板数据,研究了深化市场化改革对科技创新活跃度的影响。研究发现,我国科技创新活跃度整体出现了下滑,而东部地区科技创新活动较为活跃,省际差异较大。在市场化缺失情形下,制度成本、交易成本、科研转化过程中的损耗降低了科技创新活跃度,深化市场化改革能够降低制度成本、交易成本和科研转化过程中的损耗,从而提升科技创新活跃度。深化市场化改革对科技创新活跃度的提升作用在东部地区经济发展水平高、财富差距小、科研资源多的省份更加显著。本文可以深化对市场化改革的认识,对提升科技创新活跃度的政策制定具有一定参考作用。This paper focuses on the impact of deepening market-oriented reforms on the activity of Science,Technology and Innovation(STI),which is a crucial topic among the academics and policy makers.With the rapid development of global STI,studying the factors influencing STI is of great significance for implementing the innovation-driven strategy and achieving the goals of the“14th Five-Year Plan”and the Long-Range Objectives through the Year 2035.The paper firstly reviews the existing literature and points out the deficiencies,such as the lack of indepth analysis of the typical characteristics of STI activity and the lack of a solid theoretical framework for studying the relationship between market-oriented reforms and STI activity.To address these issues,the paper constructs a theoretical model including the scientific research institutions and the sectors commercializing research results,and uses provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019 for empirical testing.The research finds that China's STI activity has declined as a whole,with more active innovation activities in the eastern region and large inter-provincial differences.The paper also reveals that in the absence of marketization,institutional costs,transaction costs,and losses in the process of commercialization inhibit STI activity.Deepening market-oriented reforms can promote STI activity by reducing these costs.The paper verifies this hypothesis through empirical analysis and robustness tests.In terms of the mechanism,deepening market-oriented reforms can reduce institutional costs by simplifying administrative approval processes,strengthening the legal system,improving government transparency,and providing intellectual property protection and tax incentives.It can also reduce transaction costs by establishing an open and transparent market environment,developing e-commerce,and improving the credit information system.Additionally,it can improve the efficiency of scientific research transformation and reduce transaction losses by strengthening intellectual p

关 键 词：市场化改革 科技创新活跃度 科技成果转化 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] F123.9