零散用工与农地流转——基于非农劳动力市场供需结构匹配的视角  

Scattered Employment and Agricultural Land Transfer——Based on the Non-agricultural Labor Market Supply and Demand Structure Matching Perspective

作　　者：赵小松 郭阳 徐志刚[1] ZHAO Xiaosong;GUO Yang;XU Zhigang

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,南京210095 [2]江苏大学管理学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期108-120,共13页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国三大平原‘资源-要素-政策’相协调的粮食和生态‘双安全’研究”(20&ZD094)。

摘　　要：农地流转是提高农地资源配置利用效率和实现粮食安全的重要保障,但近年来陷入瓶颈期且呈现明显的地区分化。既有研究多从家庭分工与机械替代角度讨论农地流转水平滞后于农村劳动力转移规模的问题,而区域非农劳动力市场供需结构匹配对农村异质性劳动力的非农转移也有一定影响。从农户家庭劳动力充分非农转移是农地充分流转的先决条件这一微观逻辑出发,理论分析非农劳动力市场供需结构匹配对农地流转的影响与理论逻辑,并实证检验本地零散用工市场发展对农地流转率的影响,以及农地资源禀赋条件的调节作用。结果表明:本地零散用工市场发展对农地流转规模扩大有促进作用,但受到农地资源禀赋条件的制约,即农业生产条件越差的地区本地零散用工市场发展对农地流转的促进作用越小;同时,本地零散用工市场发展会降低农地耕种强度。因此,进一步推动农地流转市场发展的关键在于通过零散用工市场发展来解决农村留守劳动力非农就业问题。The transfer of agricultural land is an important economic guarantee for improving the allocation and utilization efficiency of agricultural resources and ensuring the quality of food production.However,it has stagnated in recent years and has shown obvious regional disparities.Previous studies have mostly discussed the issue of low land transfer levels compared to the scale of rural labor migration from the perspectives of household division of labor and mechanical substitution.However,they have paid less attention to the issue of the mismatch between the supply and demand structure of non-agricultural labor markets in different regions for the full non-agricultural transfer of quality heterogeneous rural labor.This article starts from the micro-logic that the full transfer of household quality heterogeneous labor is a prerequisite for the full transfer of farmland by farmers,reveals the impact and theoretical logic of the supply and demand structure matching of the non-agricultural labor market on farmland transfer,and empirically tests the development of the local scattered labor market The impact on farmland turnover rate and the regulating effect of farmland resource endowment conditions.The results show that the development of the local scattered labor market has a promoting effect on the expansion of agricultural land transfer,but it is restricted by the endowment conditions of agricultural land resources,and the worse the agricultural production conditions are,the smaller the promoting effect of the development of the local scattered labor market on agricultural land transfer.Meanwhile the development of the local scattered labor market will reduce the intensity of agricultural land cultivation.Therefore,the key to further promoting the development of the agricultural land transfer market lies in the development of the scattered labor market to solve the problem of non-agricultural employment of left-behind rural labor force.

关 键 词：农地流转 零散用工 劳动力市场 梯次性 资源禀赋 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]