近代中国民族工业真的缺乏效率吗?  

Is the Modern Chinese National Industry Really Inefficient?

作　　者：王鑫 杨竹铃 WANG Xin;YANG Zhuling

机构地区：[1]云南大学经济学院

出　　处：《新经济》2024年第9期24-39,共16页New Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“外生冲击、人力资本积累与地区经济发展:基于历史自然实验的证据”(72463033);教育部规划基金项目“工业化与人力资本积累——基于三线建设的研究”(24YJA790068)。

摘　　要：本文利用20世纪30年代中国工业调查数据,结合随机前沿分析方法,测算了16个工业部门的技术效率值。研究发现,近代工业的平均技术效率为0.526,离生产前沿面还有较大缺口。其中,劳动密集型行业的技术效率值略高于资本密集型行业。通过对影响因素的甄别,我们发现,国有产权和租厂制度对行业的技术效率有负面作用,扩大企业规模对技术效率有积极贡献,而增加企业的机械化程度并不利于提升行业技术效率。In this paper,the author calculated the technical efficiency of sixteen industrial sectors using the data of China's industrial survey in 1930s,combined with the stochastic frontier approach method.It is found that the average technical efficiency of modern industry is 0.526,which has a big gap from the front of production.The value of labor intensive industries is higher than that of capital intensive industries.Through screening the influencing factors,we found that a negative effect is with the technical efficiency of state-owned property right and rent system of plant industry,and expanding the scale of enterprises has a positive contribution to the technical efficiency,while increasing the degree of mechanization enterprises is not conducive to enhance the industry technical efficiency.

关 键 词：技术效率 随机前沿模型 近代民族工业 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]