深部硬岩钻探中孕镶金刚石钻头碎岩单元强化研究进展及建议  

Research progress and suggestions on strengthening fragmented rock units of diamond bit in deep hard rock drilling

作　　者：王英 李禹霄 张凯 李富强 刘晓 WANG Ying;LI Yuxiao;ZHANG Kai;LI Fuqiang;LIU Xiao(The Third Exploration Team of Shandong Coalfield Geologic Bureau,Tai’an Shandong 271000,China;School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省煤田地质局第三勘探队,山东泰安271000 [2]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《钻探工程》2024年第5期1-11,共11页Drilling Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“超高转速钻进临界速度及钻头碎岩磨损特征研究”(编号:42202346);山东省煤田地质局重点科研专项项目“深地钻探小口径取心高效钻进技术研究”(编号:鲁煤地科字[2022]33号)。

摘　　要：随着深部矿产资源的勘探开发与利用的不断发展,孔底环境更加复杂,孕镶金刚石钻头作为地质钻探的专用工具,复杂的深部硬岩地质环境对孕镶金刚石钻头性能也提出更高的要求。孕镶金刚石钻头的碎岩效率及寿命与其碎岩单元性能息息相关,本文对深部硬岩钻进中孕镶金刚石钻头的钻进磨损响应研究现状进行综述,目前研究还不够完善,仍需进一步开展微观深入分析,厘清响应机制。在此基础上,讨论了近年来碎岩单元的创新设计进展,重点从胎体内部结构强化及异形孕镶唇面结构等方面总结分析不同强化方式对切削单元强度、磨损量、钻进效率的影响,研究结果表明确实可以有效提高深部硬岩孕镶钻头的切削效率和工作寿命。从延寿增效的角度讨论了适用于深部硬岩钻进的孕镶金刚石钻头碎岩单元强化方向,为深部地质钻探用孕镶金刚石钻头的设计与制造提供参考。With the continuous development of the exploration,development and utilization of deep mineral resources,the bottom environment of the hole is more complex.Pregnant diamond bit,as a special tool for geological drilling,the complex deep hard rock geological environment also puts forward higher requirements for the performance of pregnant diamond bit.The efficiency and life of crushed rock of pregnant diamond bit are closely related to the performance of broken rock unit.This paper summarizes the research status of drilling wear response of pregnant diamond bit in deep hard rock drilling.At present,the research is not perfect,so further in‑depth analysis is needed to clarify the response mechanism.On this basis,discusses the innovation of broken rock unit in recent years,the emphasis from the internal structure and the analysis of different reinforcement way of the cutting unit strength,wear,drilling efficiency,the results show that it can effectively improve the deep hard rock pregnant drill cutting efficiency and working life.From the perspective of prolonging lifespan and increasing efficiency,this paper discusses the direction of strengthening the broken rock unit of impregnated diamond drill bits suitable for deep hard rock drilling,providing reference for the design and manufacturing of impregnated diamond drill bits for deep geological drilling.

关 键 词：深部硬岩 孕镶金刚石钻头 碎岩单元强化 碎岩效率 使用寿命 

分 类 号：P634.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]