基于荧光指纹的土门西沟小流域农业面源溯源研究  

Research on agricultural non-point source traceability of Tumenxigou small watershed based on fluorescence fingerprint

作　　者：刘卓然 金中天 姜佳玉 李佳澄 陈大地 陈磊[1] 沈珍瑶[1] LIU Zhuoran;JIN Zhongtian;JIANG Jiayu;LI Jiacheng;CHEN Dadi;CHEN Lei;SHEN Zhenyao(School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100091,China;Beijing Municipa Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100091 [2]北京市生态环境保护科学研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《水资源保护》2024年第5期131-140,157,共11页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2340219);北京市自然科学基金项目(8242032);北京师范大学高校基本科研业务费科研创新人才培育项目。

摘　　要：于2022—2023年采集密云水库的典型农业小流域土门西沟小流域内源样品构建指纹库,采集7、8月河道6个重点断面水样进行三维荧光光谱测定,通过平行因子分析解析小流域氮素来源。结果表明:研究区氮平均质量浓度为7.92 mg/L,主要形态为硝态氮;通过结合荧光激发发射矩阵与平行因子分析共解析出4种荧光组分,主要包括两种类腐殖质组分(C1、C2)及类蛋白组分(C3、C4),C1与农业有机肥施用有关,C2与堆肥有关,C3、C4主要来自农村生活污水或未分解的尿素化肥;研究区农村生活污水荧光指数平均值约为2.16,土壤浸提液荧光指数平均值约为1.83,农村生活污水在8月对农业面源约贡献35%;小流域丰水期水质波动主要与类腐殖质C1、C2组分相关,应对研究区有机肥带来的农业面源给予关注并加强管控。Endogenous samples from the typical agricultural small watershed of Tumenxigou in Miyun Reservoir from 2022 to 2023 was collected to construct a fingerprint database.Six key sections of the river channel were collected in July and August for three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy determination,and the nitrogen sources of the small watershed were analyzed through parallel factor analysis.The results showed that the average mass concentration of nitrogen in the study area was 7.92 mg/L,and the main form was nitrate nitrogen.By combining the parallel factor analysis method with the excitation emission matrix,four fluorescent components were identified,mainly including two types of humus components(C1,C2)and protein like components(C3,C4).C1 is related to the application of agricultural organic fertilizers,C2 is related to composting,and C3 and C4 mainly come from rural domestic sewage or undecomposed urea fertilizers.The average fluorescence index of rural domestic sewage in the study area is about 2.16,and the average fluorescence index of soil leachate is about 1.83.Rural domestic sewage contributed about 35%to agricultural non-point sources in August.The fluctuation of water quality during the flood season in small watersheds is mainly related to the C1 and C2 components of humic substances.Therefore,attention should be paid to and control should be strengthened for the agricultural non-point sources brought by organic fertilizers in the study area.

关 键 词：农业面源污染 水污染溯源 荧光指纹法 平行因子分析 密云水库 土门西沟小流域 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]