我国放射诊断设备的地区性分布特征和公平性现状分析  

Equity evaluation for distribution of radiodiagnostic equipment in China

作　　者：杜翔[1] 徐小三[1] 杨春勇[1] 李圣日 王进[1] Du Xiang;Xu Xiaosan;Yang Chunyong;Li Shengri;Wang Jin(Department of Radiation Protection,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心放射防护所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2024年第9期776-782,共7页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：江苏省预防医学科研课题(Y2018082);江苏省医学重点学科(ZDXK202249)。

摘　　要：目的研究我国各类医疗机构放射诊断设备的分布特征和基于人口与地理面积的公平性,同时分析计算机体层成像(CT)设备的数量、密度与常见经济指标、卫生资源指标的相关关系。方法以CT设备为主要研究对象,依据2017—2019年相关文献和统计年鉴中的相关数据,对我国CT设备配置数量和各省份人口数、生产总值(GDP)、人均GDP等指标作相关分析,对有相关关系的CT数量和GDP作线性回归;计算各类放射诊断设备基于人口和地理面积的基尼系数和泰尔指数。结果各省CT数和GDP呈正相关(r=0.82,P<0.01),除以人口数量后,CT人口密度和人均GDP无相关性(P>0.01);各类放射诊断设备基于人口分布基尼系数从0.101到0.304,基于地理面积分布基尼指数从0.648到0.728;各类设备泰尔指数组内差异贡献率从70.3%到88.5%。结论CT分布与GDP的相关关系主要来源于人口;我国各类放射诊断资源基于人口分布较为公平,基于地理面积分布相对公平性较差;各类放射诊断设备配置不公平性主要来自区域内。放射诊断资源配置时也应考虑地理环境因素影响,以保证全民公平获得各类医疗资源。Objective To assess the the equity of geographical distribution of radiodiagnostic institutions and their equipment in China and analyze the correlation between number of CT scanners,health and ecinomicindices.Methods The data used in the present study came from previous researches from 2017 to 2019 and China Statistical Yearbook.Data on population distribution,GDP and GDP per caput of various provinces were collected and the correlation analysis was utilized to ascertain the factors that could affect the distribution of CT scanners.Linear regression was performed between number of CT scanners and GDP.And then the Gini coefficient and Theil index for CT and other types of equipment were calculated.Results The number of the CT scanners has a positive correlation with GDP(r=0.82,P=<0.01),and the population density does not have a correlation with GDP per caput(P>0.01).The Gini coefficitents for radiodiagnostic equipment allocation are 0.101 to 0.304 in terms of population distribution and from 0.648 to 0.728,by geographical area.The contribution rate of introregional distribution of resources by Theil index is from 70.3%to 88.5%.Conclusions The correlation between CT number and GDP is mainly associated with population distribution.The radiodiagnostic equipment allocation in terms of population dimension was relatively equitable.However,the distribution by geographic dimension was inequitable.The result for Theil index have shown that inequality mainly comes from intraregional differences.The geographic factors should be considered before medical radiodiagnostic resources were distributed to ensure the equity of the medical resource distribution.

关 键 词：计算机体层成像 放射诊断 公平性 基尼系数 泰尔指数 

分 类 号：R812[医药卫生—放射医学]