干旱胁迫时间对藜麦苗期生理特性的影响及耐旱性评价  

Influence of Drought Stress Duration on Quinoa Physiological Characteristics and Drought Tolerance Evaluation at Seedling Stage

作　　者：侯丽媛 陈禺怀 王育川 洪丹霞 王亦学 陈哲 吴慎杰 董艳辉 HOU Liyuan;CHEN Yuhuai;WANG Yuchuan;HONG Danxia;WANG Yixue;CHEN Zhe;WU Shenjie;DONG Yanhui(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031;Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong SAR 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生命科学学院,山西太原030031 [2]香港大学统计及精算学系,中国香港特别行政区999077

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第11期2237-2246,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001040);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX20231C017);山西省科技合作交流专项(202204041101049);山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC135)。

摘　　要：为探讨持续干旱胁迫下不同基因型藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)的生理响应变化动态,利用20%聚乙二醇(PEG)6000溶液模拟干旱,对晋藜1号(JL1)、晋藜2号(JL2)和晋藜3号(JL3)3个藜麦品种的苗期植株进行干旱胁迫,连续胁迫0、0.5、2、8、24、48和72 h后测定其生理生化指标,对藜麦苗期耐旱性评价或鉴定指标进行筛选,并对其耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,叶片相对含水量(RWC)呈逐渐递减的趋势;可溶性糖(SS)和丙二醛(MDA)含量持续升高,在72 h时达到最大值;保护酶系统超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性均呈现先升后降的趋势,其中SOD、CAT、APX活性分别在胁迫24 h时达到峰值,POD活性在胁迫48 h时达到最大值。渗透调节物质脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量及超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-).)产生速率因品种而异。其中,JL1和JL2的Pro含量随胁迫时间延长呈上升趋势,JL3则呈现先上升后下降趋势,在48 h时达到最大值;JL1的SP含量表现为先降低后升高再降低趋势,而JL2和JL3则呈现先升高后降低趋势;JL1和JL3叶片中的O_(2)^(-).产生速率表现为持续上升趋势,JL2则表现为先升高后降低趋势。可见,胁迫时间对各指标的影响不同,大部分指标在胁迫24和48 h时变化幅度较大。此外,生理指标对干旱胁迫有一定的阈值反应。主成分分析和隶属函数分析均表明,供试藜麦种质耐旱性表现为JL1>JL2>JL3。本研究结果为藜麦耐旱机制研究及耐旱新品种选育提供了理论依据。To study the dynamics of physiological responses of quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)to continuous drought stress,three cultivars of quinoa,JinLi1(JL1),JinLi2(JL2)and JinLi3(JL3),were used to identify drought tolerance at seedling stage under the drought stress of 20%polyethylene glycol(PEG)6000 solution.After 0,0.5,2,8,24,48 and 72 hours of continuous drought stress,the physiological and biochemical indexes were measured to evaluate the drought tolerance,screened the identification indexes of quinoa and comprehensively evaluated quinoas at seedling stage.The results showed that with the extension of drought stress time,the leaf relative water content(RWC)was decreased gradually,the contents of malonic dialdehyde(MDA)and soluble sugar(SS)were increased,and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased first and then decreased;the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)peaked at 24 h,peroxidase(POD)activity reached the maximum at 48h;the contents of proline(Pro)and soluble protein(SP),the productive rate of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-).)on each varieties were different;the Pro contents of JL1 and JL2 were increased with the extension of stress time,the Pro content of JL3 was increased first and then decreased,reached the maximum at 48 h;the SP content of JL1 was decreased first,then increased and then decreased,the soluble protein contents of JL2 and JL3 were increased first and then decreased;the O_(2)^(-).production rates of JL1 and JL3 showed continuous rise,JL2 increased first and then decreased.These results suggested that the effect of drought stress duration on each index was different and most of the indexes changed greatly at 24 h and 48 h.In addition,the physiological index had a certain threshold responses to drought stress.Both principal component analysis and membership function analysis showed that the drought tolerance of the tested quinoa germplasm was JL1>JL2>JL3.This study results provide theoretical basis for the study of drought tolerance mechani

关 键 词：藜麦 干旱胁迫时间 生理指标 主成分分析 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]