聚合物先驱体转化法制备复相陶瓷:从组成结构设计到催化性能  

Polymer-Derived Ceramic Nanocomposites:From Composition and Structure Design to Catalytic Properties

作　　者：周聪 冯珧 余兆菊 ZHOU Cong;FENG Yao;YU Zhaoju(Center for Advanced Ceramics,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China;College of Materials,Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramic Fibers,Ministry of Education,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,Fujian,China;Shenzhen Kunpeng Equity Investment Management Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518042,Guangdong,China;College of Materials,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学材料科学与工程学院,先进陶瓷研究中心,安徽芜湖241000 [2]厦门大学材料学院,高性能陶瓷纤维教育部重点实验室,福建厦门361000 [3]深圳鲲鹏股权投资管理有限公司,广东深圳518042 [4]厦门大学材料学院,厦门市电子陶瓷材料与元器件重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第9期2827-2846,共20页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52002002);安徽省高校优秀青年骨干教师国外研修项目(gxgwfx2022017);安徽工程大学中青年拔尖人才培养计划(S022021040)。

摘　　要：聚合物先驱体陶瓷具备优异的物理化学性能、成分结构可设计性和易加工性,并能在介观尺度上控制孔洞的形貌尺寸,使其成为锚定和分散活性金属的良好支撑材料。以聚合物先驱体转化法为基础,通过掺杂不同的金属元素,可制备一系列具有独特结构和优异性能的催化剂。本文综述了近20年来聚合物先驱体转化法制备复相陶瓷并用于催化方面所做的研究工作。主要聚焦先驱体的化学成分设计、介孔结构的构建以及催化性能的研究,并对聚合物先驱体陶瓷在催化领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了分析和展望。Polymer-derived ceramics(PDCs)are a kind of advanced materials prepared by high-temperature pyrolysis of silicon-based precursors,and they exhibit a series of excellent properties,such as outstanding physical and chemical stabilities,flexible designability and easy processability.Furthermore,suitable modification of the precursors leads to multiphase ceramics known as polymer-derived ceramic nanocomposites(PDC-NCs),which in some cases exhibit enhanced properties compared to those of the original materials.Nowadays,the application of PDC-NCs is no longer limited to the high-temperature and high-strength structural materials,by doping different metals,a series of heterogeneous catalysts with unique microstructures and excellent catalytic properties can be synthesized via PDC approach.This article proposed an overview of the research progress on the preparation of PDC-NCs and their catalytic properties in the last 20 a.The main topics is related to the chemical composition design of polymeric precursors,the construction of porous structure,and the characterization of catalytic properties.Finally,the current challenges and perspectives on the field of porous PDC-NCs preparation and their application in catalysis are discussed.The properties of PDC-NCs were directly affected by the composition and the architecture of the precursors,which provided enormous potential in tuning the microstructure and properties of the PDC-NCs via the various dopants.Metal containing PDC-NCs can be conveniently synthesized via the chemical modification of the precursors and physical blending,the obtained ceramics were endowed with different catalytic properties.In chemical modification,metal elements were linked to silicon-based precursor molecules via chemical reactions between precursors and metallic compounds.Three typical of metallic compounds have been summarized here:metal chlorides,acetylacetonate metal compounds and metal complex.Active groups like Si—H,N—H and C=C of precursors were convenience to the chemical modification.Th

关 键 词：聚合物先驱体陶瓷 复相陶瓷 多孔陶瓷 催化性能 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]