先驱体转化氮化物高温透波陶瓷研究进展  

Research Progress on Polymer-Derived Nitride Ceramics for Wave Transparent at High Temperature

作　　者：龙鑫 王驰原 邵长伟[1] 王乾龙 LONG Xin;WANG Chiyuan;SHAO Changwei;WANG Qianlong(Science and Technology on Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory,College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2024年第9期2862-2874,共13页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52073304,52103364);国防科技大学自主科研项目(ZK21-26,22-079);湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ30045)。

摘　　要：与氧化物透波陶瓷相比,氮化物透波陶瓷具有更加优异的耐高温性能,是最有希望满足高马赫数飞行器使用需求的高温透波材料。先驱体转化法具有加工成型温度低、可塑成型等优点,是制备氮化物高温透波陶瓷的主流方法。本文主要总结了近年来氮化物透波陶瓷先驱体方面的研究进展,主要涉及氮化硅、氮化硼、硅硼氮和硅氮氧等氮化物透波陶瓷先驱体的合成,以及通过热解转化制备目标陶瓷研究,并展望了今后应该重点关注的研究方向。High Mach precision guided aircraft has the important advantages of successful penetration with high level,presenting a strategic deterrent force to safeguard national core interests and maintain world peace.Its extremely high flight speed(>5 Ma)is an important guarantee of breakthrough capability,but causing severe aerodynamic erosion,heating,and ablation.Thus,it is a serious challenge to the communication,precise guidance,detonation and other combat tasks of the front-end antenna cover and antenna window.Therefore,the development of high-temperature transparent materials for antenna covers/windows that integrate various functions such as load-bearing,high-temperature resistance,and wave transmission is an urgent bottleneck problem to be solved.High temperature resistance is an important indicator of transparent materials.The service speed of low-speed aircraft is low,and organic transparent materials such as phenolic resin and epoxy resin with lower temperature resistance can meet the usage requirements.With the continuous improvement of aircraft flight speed,higher temperature requirements are also expected for the use of transparent materials.The selection of transparent materials has transitioned from organic polymer systems to inorganic ceramic systems.Traditional inorganic transparent ceramics mainly include oxide ceramics such as quartz and glass-ceramics,with short-term usage temperatures around 1000℃.With the development of aircraft flight speed towards high Mach numbers,there is a higher demand for the high-temperature resistance of transparent ceramic materials.Nitride ceramics,represented by silicon nitride(Si—N),boron nitride(B—N),silicon boron nitrogen(Si—B—N),and silicon nitrogen oxide(Si—N—O),exhibit superior high-temperature resistance than oxide ceramics.They are the most promising high-temperature transparent materials to meet the requirements of high Mach number aircraft and have become a research hotspot both domestically and internationally.In recent years,researchers have con

关 键 词：高温透波 氮化物陶瓷 透波陶瓷 先驱体转化法 

分 类 号：TQ343.6[化学工程—化纤工业]