公路桥梁易损构件病害分析及养护提升建议  

Analysis of Highway Bridge Vulnerable Components and Suggestions for Maintenance and Improvement

作　　者：王世伟 刘雅玲 高鑫 WANG Shi-wei;LIUYa-ling;GAO Xin(l.Highway Monitoring&Emergency Response Center,Ministry of Transport of the P.R.C,Beijing 1oo029,China;CCCC Highway Consultants Co.Ltd.,Beijing100010,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部路网监测与应急处置中心,北京市100029 [2]中交公路规划设计院有限公司,北京市100010

出　　处：《公路》2024年第9期99-106,共8页Highway

摘　　要：对国内24.3万座国家高速公路桥梁、8.1万座普通国道桥梁的易损构件进行了统计分析,并对过去10年内326座重点桥梁易损构件进行了深入调查分析。结果表明,板式支座位置串动、脱空或剪切超限是国家高速及普通国道桥梁支座最常见病害,占比分别为42%、46%;伸缩缝失效是国家高速及普通国道桥梁伸缩缝最常见病害,占比分别为33%、48%;支座首次维修的时间平均为桥梁建成后的12.11年,易损程度根据桥型排序,由高到低依次为斜拉桥>悬索桥>拱桥>梁式桥;伸缩缝首次维修的时间平均为桥梁建成后的11.28年,易损程度根据桥型排序,由高到低依次为悬索桥>斜拉桥>梁式桥>拱桥。分析了支座病害在设计、生产、安装与养护等方面的产生原因,以及伸缩缝病害在交通、设计、施工和运维等方面的产生原因。提出的公路桥梁易损构件的养护管理措施,对桥梁易损构件的养护投资决策及养护行业管理具有积极作用,可为行业相关管理部门及经营单位的政策制定提供数据和理论支持。In this paper a statistical analysis of the vulnerable components of 243,000 national highway bridges and 81,o00 ordinary national highway bridges in China is conducted,and an in-depth investigation and analysis of the vulnerable components of 326 key bridges in the past decade are carried out.The results show that the most common defects of bridge bearings in national high-speed and ordinary national highways are the serial movement,void or shear overrun of the position of the plate bearing,accounting for 42%and 46%respectively.The failure of expansion joints is the most common defect of bridge expansion joints in national high-speed and ordinary national highways,accounting for 33%and 48%respectively.The average time of the first maintenance of the bearing is 12.11 years after the completion of the bridge.The vulnerability degree is ranked according to the bridge type,and the order from high to low is cable-stayed bridge>suspension bridge>arch bridge>beam bridge.In addition,the average time for the first maintenance of the expansion joints is 1l.28 years after the completion of the bridge.The degree of vulnerability is ranked according to the bridge type,and the order from high to low is suspension bridge>cable-stayed bridge>beam bridge>arch bridge.The causes of bearing defects in design,production,installation and maintenance,as well as the causes of expansion joints in transportation,design,construction and operation and maintenance are analyzed.The maintenance management measures of highway bridge vulnerable components proposed in this paper play a positive role in the maintenance investment decision and maintenance industry management of bridge vulnerable components,and provide data and theoretical support for the policy formulation of relevant management and operation departments in the industry.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 桥梁病害与整治 桥梁易损构件 支座位置串动 伸缩缝失效 病害成因分析 改善措施 

分 类 号：U445.71[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]