宇宙线质量测量简述  

Measurements of the Cosmic Ray Mass Composition

作　　者：周韦钦 马玲玲[4] 毛基荣[1,3,5] 闫大海 李睿智 ZHOU Wei-qin;MA Ling-ling;MAO Ji-rong;YAN Da-hai;LI Rui-zhi(Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Center for Astronomical Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650011,China;School of Physics and Astronomy,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院云南天文台,昆明650011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院天文大科学研究中心,北京100012 [4]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [5]中国科学院天体结构和演化重点实验室,昆明650011 [6]云南大学物理与天文学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《天文学进展》2024年第3期460-472,共13页Progress In Astronomy

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划(2023YFE01200);国家自然科学基金(12393813);兴滇英才支持计划云岭学者专项。

摘　　要：宇宙线的起源和传播是当今宇宙线研究领域的基本问题之一。对“膝”区宇宙线成分及能谱的研究是解决这一基本问题的途径之一。目前,“膝”区宇宙线的测量只能通过地面探测器阵列测量宇宙线在大气中引发的广延大气簇射来实现。与空间实验相比,地面实验面临成分鉴别能力差、能量重建误差大等难题。文章总结了国内外宇宙线地面实验对宇宙线成分的测量方法、结果及其面临的困难,并对国内LHAASO实验在宇宙线质量测量方面进行了展望。The origin and propagation of the cosmic ray is one of the basic issues in the cosmic ray research today.Studying the mass composition and energy spectrum of cosmic ray in the“knee”is one of the ways to solve this basic problem.The measurements of the cosmic ray in the“knee”can only be achieved on the ground-based experiments by measuring the extensive air showers(EAS)caused by cosmic rays in the atmosphere.Compared with spacebased experiments,ground-based experiments are facing challenges such as poor component identification ability and energy reconstruction errors.The measurement methods,results and difficulties faced in the ground-based cosmic ray experiments at home and abroad are summarized.Besides,the outlook for the LHAASO experiment in mass measurements of the cosmic ray is also given.

关 键 词：宇宙线 广延大气簇射 探测器阵列 质量测量 

分 类 号：P159[天文地球—天文学]