橡胶混凝土道床车致振动能量俘获研究  

Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting of Rubber Concrete Track Beds Induced by Moving Trains

作　　者：李政 金浩 孙博旭 LI Zheng;JIN Hao;SUN Boxu(Transport Planning and Research Institute,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100028,China;School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部规划研究院,北京100028 [2]东南大学交通学院,南京211189

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第9期53-59,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51908428);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20211173)。

摘　　要：随着城市轨道交通运营里程的不断增加,为保证运营安全,需对轨道等结构进行健康监测。目前,既有监测传感器的供电方式主要采用外部市电或蓄电池。如何将列车运行产生的振动能量俘获并用于监测传感器供电,已经成为近些年的研究热点。针对橡胶混凝土道床,设计了一种全新的球型俘能器。通过构建列车荷载作用下橡胶混凝土道床的计算模型,对垂向位移、应力、电压、总电能等指标进行分析。主要结论如下:(1)采用阵列形式将球型俘能器埋入橡胶混凝土道床,最优位置在轨枕之下5 mm;(2)在6 m长橡胶混凝土道床范围内布设10个俘能器,一辆8节编组A型列车驶过可产生毫焦级别的电能,若按照5 min发车间隔估算,1 h俘获总电能122.4 mJ;(3)橡胶混凝土道床较普通混凝土道床更有利于能量俘获,当橡胶含量为10%时,道床内部俘能器阵列所俘获的总电能较普通混凝土提高5%,应力等力学性能指标也在安全范围内。With the continuous increase in operational mileage of urban rail transit,it is necessary to monitor the health of track structures to ensure operational safety.At present,most monitoring sensors are powered by external powers supplies or batteries.Capturing the vibration energy generated by train operations and using it on power monitoring sensors has become a research hotspot in recent years.In this paper,a new spherical energy harvester was designed specifically for rubber concrete track beds.By constructing a calculation model of rubber concrete track beds under train load,indicators such as vertical displacement,stress,voltage,and total electric energy were analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Embedding the spherical energy harvesters in an array within the rubber concrete track bed,the optimal position was 5 mm below the sleeper;(2)Deploying 10 energy harvesters within a 6 m-long rubber concrete track bed generated millijoules of electrical energy when an 8-carriage A-type train passed.Based on an estimated 5-minute departure interval,the total energy captured in 1 hour was 122.4 mJ.(3)Rubber concrete track beds were better at energy harvesting than ordinary concrete track beds.When the rubber content was 10%,the total electrical energy harvested by the harvester array in the track bed was 5%higher than that of ordinary concrete,while the mechanical properties such as stress remained within the safe ranges.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 道床 橡胶混凝土 压电效应 能量俘获 

分 类 号：U213.7[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U239.5