干扰风作用下弓网电弧稳定性及影响因素研究  

Research on Pantograph-Catenary Arc Stability and Influencing Factors Under Disturbing Wind

作　　者：徐跃 陈欢 钱鹏宇 母婷佑 杨泽锋 XU Yue;CHEN Huan;QIAN Pengyu;MU Tingyou;YANG Zefeng(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111 [2]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都611756

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第9期200-207,215,共9页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金项目(U19A20105)。

摘　　要：弓网受流是高速列车获取电能的唯一途径。随着电气化铁路运营速度的不断提升,受电弓与接触网间电气与机械的耦合损伤加剧,限制了列车速度的进一步提升。电弧具有优异的导电性、导热性,利用电弧作为中间媒介进行大功率能量传输具有可行性,电弧传能技术具有广阔的发展前景。实际应用过程中,弓网电弧处于开放大气环境,干扰气流无法避免,电弧稳定性下降,成为电弧传能技术应用的关键难点。搭建弓网电弧实验平台,系统研究干扰风作用下的电弧稳定性及其影响因素。研究发现:随着电压的提升,纯碳材料电子发射方式由热发射向热场致协同发射转变,电弧维持能力由非线性增长向线性增长转变;电弧电流的增大可显著提高电弧维持能力,但也使得电弧电压波动范围减小;不同间隙、不同电流大小条件下,电弧运动模式存在“弧根随机跳跃型-弧根规则跳跃型-钟罩型”的转变。研究结果可丰富特殊环境下的空气电弧理论,并为未来高速铁路的柔性电弧传能技术奠定基础。Pantograph-catenary current collection is the only way for high-speed trains to obtain electrical energy.With the continuous improvement of the electrified railway's operation speed,coupled electrical and mechanical damage between pantograph and catenary intensifies,limiting further speed improvement of trains.Arc discharge exhibits excellent conductivity and thermal conductivity,making it feasible to use an arc as an intermediate medium for high-power energy transmission.Arc-based energy transmission technology holds broad prospects for development.However,in practical applications,the pantograph-catenary arc is in an open atmospheric environment where disturbing airflow is unavoidable,reducing the arc stability.This has become a key challenge in the application of arc-based energy transmission technology.An experiment platform for pantograph-catenary arc was constructed to systematically study arc stability and influencing factors under disturbing wind conditions.It was found that as the voltage increased,the electron emission mechanism of pure carbon materials transitioned from thermionic emission to thermal-field-assisted emission,and the arc maintenance ability shifted from nonlinear to linear growth.An increase in arc current significantly improved arc maintenance ability but reduced the fluctuation range of arc voltage.Under different gap distances and current conditions,the arc motion mode exhibited a transition from‘random arc root jumping type’to‘regular arc root jumping type’to‘bell-shaped type’.The results can enrich air arc theory in special environment and lay a foundation for the flexible arc energy transmission technology for high-speed railways in the future.

关 键 词：电气化铁路 弓网电弧 电弧稳定性 干扰气流 电弧运动特性 电弧电压 

分 类 号：U22[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U225.3