关于《文心雕龙》中“博徒”一词的理解问题  

On the Understanding Problems of the Word“BoTu”in Wen Xin Diao Long

作　　者：朱文民 Zhu Wenmin(Research Institute of“Liu Xie and Wenxin Diaolong”in Juxian,Juxian,Shandong,276599)

机构地区：[1]山东莒县刘勰文心雕龙研究所,山东莒县276599

出　　处：《语文学刊》2024年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“《文心雕龙》汇释及百年‘龙学’学案”(17ZDA253)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“博徒”是一个偏正词组,中心词是“徒”,“博”字为修饰语。表示“局戏”的“簙”字,在古代典籍中大多写成“博”字,但只是音借,而非义借。如果“博”字是义借,就与表示“局戏”的“簙”为通假关系。如果把“博徒”的“博”字理解成“局戏”之意,就是借用了“簙”字的本义,其实这是一种误读。我们的“龙学”家把《文心雕龙》中的“博徒”理解成“局戏”之徒,由此将“博徒”引申理解为“赌徒”“贱者”“卑贱”“低下”等贬词,这是受了汉儒的影响,而忽略了“博”字的本义。“龙学”家既看到了刘勰在《辨骚》篇对楚骚的高度评价,又习惯于前人对“博徒”一词的误解,陷入了一个矛盾圈而不能自拔,笔者觉得只有通过训诂学才能跳得出这个矛盾圈。The word“BoTu”is a endocentric phrases,whose central word is“Tu”and modifier is“Bo”.The character“Bo”,which represents“Juxi”,is mostly written as“Bo”in ancient Chinese classics,but it is only a phonetic transfering use not semantic.If it's semantic transfering use,it can represent the meaning of the word“Bo”for“Juxi”.If you think“Bo”of“Bo Tu”is“JuXi”,it is a misunderstanding because you actually use original meaning of the word“Bo”.Our“Dragon scholars”understood the“Bo Tu”in Wen Xin Diao Long as“JuXi”,thus extending the meaning of“Bo Tu”into derogatory terms such as“gambler”,“inferior person”,“cheap person”and“people of low status”.It was influenced by Han Confucianism and overlooked the original meaning of the word“Bo”.“Dragonscholars”not only saw Liu Xie's high evaluation of Chu Sao in the“Bian Sao”section,but also became accustomed to the misunderstanding of the term“Bo Tu”by predecessor,which made them fell into a loop and got lost.Only through exegesis can they jump out of it.

关 键 词：《文心雕龙》 《辨骚》 博徒 训诂 褒义 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]