灌木辣椒(Capsicum frutescens)抗象耳豆根结线虫的组织学及生理生化特征分析  

Analysis of Histological and Physiological-biochemical Characteristics of Capsicum frutescens on the Resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii

作　　者：陈梅红 黄银香 林珑 高畅 涂容生 朱婕 刘子记[3] CHEN Meihong;HUANG Yinxiang;LIN Long;GAO Chang;TU Rongsheng;ZHU Jie;LIU Ziji(School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry(School of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,School of Rural Revitalization),Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants(Hainan University),Ministry of Education,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Recourses Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院(农业农村学院、乡村振兴学院),海南海口570228 [2]热带特色林木花卉遗传与种质创新教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228 [3]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第9期1902-1911,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(No.321QN189);海南省重大科技计划项目(No.ZDKJ2021005);海南省普通高等学校研究生创新科研课题(No.Hys2022-101)。

摘　　要：象耳豆根结线虫(Meloidogyne enterolobii)寄主范围广,侵染能力强,已发展为根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)中最具破坏性的1个种。海南地区辣椒生产受象耳豆根结线虫影响较大。利用作物本身的抗性来防治该病害是比较绿色、经济、环保的办法。前期,本研究团队已从30份本地灌木辣椒(Capsicumfrutescens)资源中筛选出1份抗病种质CF25。为更好地利用该种质开展抗病育种工作,加深对其抗病机理的理解,本研究对抗病种质CF25和感病种质CF29接种象耳豆根结线虫,通过酸性品红染色和石蜡切片等方法,结果发现在根结线虫侵入量方面,CF25的线虫侵入量比CF29少;在根结线虫发育形态方面,CF25中线虫发育比CF29缓慢,且出现雌虫发育不良的现象;在根系解剖结构方面,CF25巨细胞中的内容物逐渐减少,出现空洞化现象。为初步探索CF25抗根结线虫的生理基础,对CF25和CF29进行过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性测定。结果显示,接种后多数时间点CF25的POD和PAL活性显著高于CF29。综上所述,从组织学角度来看,灌木辣椒资源CF25对象耳豆根结线虫的抗性主要体现在抗侵入和限制取食两方面;CF25巨细胞内容物的减少可能抑制了根结线虫的进食,从而导致其发育缓慢且不良;从生理生化角度来看,CF25较高的POD活性可能有利于清除根结线虫侵染导致的活性氧积累。此外,较高的POD和PAL活性可能导致包括木质素在内的更多苯丙烷类次生代谢产物的生成,从而提高了CF25的抗病性。本研究分析了灌木辣椒资源CF25抗象耳豆根结线虫的组织学和生理生化基础,可为后续深入探究灌木辣椒抗象耳豆根结线虫机理提供依据。Meloidogyne enterolobii has developed into the most devastating root-knot nematode species due to its wide host range and strong infection ability,by which pepper production in Hainan province is greatly affected.The usage of inheritance resistance of crops is an economic and environmental friendly approach to control M.enterolobii.In previous studies,we identified one resistant germplasm CF25 from thirty local Capsicum frutescens resources.To better utilize this germplasm for disease resistance breeding,it is necessary to deepen the understanding of its resistance me mechanism.Hence,resistant germplasm CF25 and susceptible germplasm CF29 were inoculated with M.enterolobii,and the histological characteristics were detected by the methods of acidic magenta staining and paraffin section.In terms of intrusion amount,the resistant germplasm CF25 was found to have smaller number of M.enterolobii that invaded into the roots.In terms of nematode morphology,the juveniles of M.enterolobii in CF25 developed slower than in CF29,and the female adult in CF25 presented abnormal morphology.In terms of root anatomical structure,the content of giant cells gradually decreased and cavitation phenomenon occurred in the resistant germplasm CF25.The POD and PAL activity of CF25 and CF29 was measured to explore the biochemical bases of M.enterolobii resistance.The POD and PAL activity measured in most time points after inoculation in CF25 was significantly higher than in CF29.In summary,from the perspective of histology,the resistance to M.enterolobii in CF25 was mainly presented as anti-invasion and feeding restriction.The reduction of giant cell cellular content might restrict the feeding of juveniles,which led to the slow and poor development of M.enterolobii.From the perspective of biochemistry,higher POD activity in CF25 might be good for the elimination of the active oxygen accumulated by the invasion of root-knot nematode.Besides that,higher POD and PAL activity might lead to the generation of more phenylpropanoid secondary meta

关 键 词：象耳豆根结线虫 抗性 灌木辣椒 组织学 POD PAL 

分 类 号：S436.418[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]