酸中性土壤交换性盐基总量检测方法的影响因素  

Factors on the Detection Methods of Total Exchangeable Base in Acidic and Neutral Soils

作　　者：陆文苑 蒋倩[1] 唐昊冶[1] 刘云[1] 王雪娇 孙晓丽[1] 王彦 朱波 陆国兴[1] 陈虹[1] LU Wenyuan;JIANG Qian;TANG Haoye;LIU Yun;WANG Xuejiao;SUN Xiaoli;WANG Yan;ZHU Bo;LU Guoxing;CHEN Hong(Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第11期1554-1562,共9页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1807200)。

摘　　要：目前,酸中性土壤交换性盐基总量的检测方法主要为乙酸铵交换-中和滴定法,其特点为步骤繁杂、操作难度大,也是全国“三普”内业指标实验中的技术难点之一。通过采用多类土壤标准物质为研究对象,探讨样品质量、交换试剂、检测方式对盐基总量的影响,并对土壤交换性盐基总量与交换性盐基各离子之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,高含量盐基样品ASA-7a在添加与不添加EDTA的乙酸铵溶液交换下,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定的加和盐基总量值分别为(34.71±0.10)、(33.26±0.18) cmol/kg,中和滴定检测后一交换液的值则偏高,达到(38.80±0.62) cmol/kg,并且不同交换试剂间和检测方式间均有一定差异性(P<0.05),但样品质量的多少对盐基总量的结果无显著影响(P>0.05)。对于选取土壤样品,尽管ICP-OES测定加和盐基总量的相对误差RE与相对标准偏差RSD分别小于7%、1.2%,其精密度与准确度均优于中和滴定法,两种检测方式结果仍然在标准参考值范围内。但是,对于更多类型和批量样品土壤交换性盐基总量的测定与数据的比对统计分析,建议遵照统一的规程并保持方法的一致性,避免因方法的不同而增大结果的差异性。At present,the detection method of total exchangeable base in acid-neutral soil is ammonium acetate exchange-neutralization titration.This method is characterized by complex steps and is difficult to operate,and is also one of the technological difficulties in the national three basic industrial index experiments.In this paper,multiple standard reference material of soils were used as the research objects to research the effect of quality of samples,exchange reagents and detection method on total soil exchangeable base,and the total soil exchangeable base and their correlation with exchangeable base cations were analyzed.The results showed that the total exchangeable base by ICP addition of ASA-7a,a high-content exchangeable-based standard sample,was(34.71±0.10) cmol/kg and(33.26±0.18) cmol/kg under the exchange of ammonium acetate solution with and without EDTA,respectively.The total exchangeable base of ASA-7a was slightly higher detected by neutralization titration under the exchange of ammonium acetate solution without EDTA,which reached to(38.80±0.62) cmol/kg.Different exchange reagents and detection methods had certain differences(P<0.05),but the quality of samples had no significant effect on the determination of the total exchangeable base(P>0.05).For selected soil samples,although the relative error and relative standard deviation of the total exchangeable base by the ICP-OES addition were less than 7% and 1.2%,respectively,indicating that the precision and accuracy of the two methods were better than those of the neutralization titration method,the results of the two methods were within the standard reference values.For the determination of total soil exchangeable base and the statistical analysis of batch samples and more types of soils,it is recommended to follow the consistent protocol and maintain the consistency of the method to avoid increasing the difference of results due to the difference of the methods.

关 键 词：酸中性土壤 土壤交换性盐基总量 乙酸铵 中和滴定法 ICP-OES 

分 类 号：O657.31[理学—分析化学] O655.22[理学—化学]