谷子不同发育时期株高性状的变化及动态QTL定位  

Phenotypical Variation and Dynamic QTL Mapping of Plant Height in Foxtail Millet at Different Developmental Stages

作　　者：刘得隆 李世如 王传星 郭淑青 马智秀 武泳江 韩慧冰 李玉洁 张盼盼[2] 杨璞[1] LIU DeLong;LI ShiRu;WANG ChuanXing;GUO ShuQing;MA ZhiXiu;WU YongJiang;HAN HuiBing;LI YuJie;ZHANG PanPan;YANG Pu(College of Agriculture,Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi;College of Life Science,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2024年第18期3533-3550,共18页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1202700,2023YFD1202704);陕西省重点研发计划(2023-ZDLNY-06)。

摘　　要：【目的】株高是对谷子产量提升具有重要作用的性状。研究不同生育时期谷子株高的动态变化,鉴定控制株高QTL位点及效应,为谷子株型育种提供理论依据。【方法】以1个含有215份家系的重组自交系群体YRRIL为研究对象,于2023年5月分别在陕西榆林和陕西米脂2个环境下种植YRRIL群体并分别在苗期、拔节期、孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期等5个时期测定各家系的株高性状表型值,结合YRRIL群体的遗传连锁图谱,对谷子株高性状在不同生育时期进行遗传分析和动态QTL定位,鉴定控制谷子株高的非条件QTL和条件QTL。在此基础上,以基因本体论(GO)富集和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析方法对重要QTL进行候选基因预测。【结果】在整个生育期谷子株高增长趋势呈“S”型曲线,拔节期至孕穗期,株高生长速度较快,是株高发育的关键阶段。2个环境下,不同时期群体各家系株高均表现连续分布。2个环境5个时期共检测到86个与株高相关的QTL,分布在谷子基因组全部9条染色体上。包含48个非条件QTL和38个条件QTL,非条件QTL表型贡献率为1.13%—17.49%,其中6个能够在2个生育时期重复检测到,其余均只在一个生育时期检测到;条件QTL表型贡献率为1.97%—14.69%,其中1个能够在2个生育阶段重复检测到,其余均只在一个生育阶段检测到。非条件QTL和条件QTL分析中均不存在能够在3个及以上时期均能检测的QTL。2个环境下非条件QTL和条件QTL分析共检测到12个主效QTL,其中6个QTL为本研究新发现的主效位点。对主效QTL区间内的基因结合同源基因功能注释预测分析,筛选出14个可能与谷子株高相关的候选基因,其中Seita.1G242300.1、Seita.6G110200.1和Seita.7G143300.1等均能直接调控株高发育。【结论】2个环境下,谷子整个生长发育过程中检测到大量QTL参与株高性状的表型调控,79个(91.86%)在其中1个时期起作用,【Objective】Plant height is a trait that plays an important role in the increase of foxtail millet yield.The dynamic changes of foxtail millet plant height at different growth stages were studied,and the QTL loci and effects controlling plant height were identified to provide a theoretical basis for plant type breeding of foxtail millet.【Method】In this study,a recombinant inbred line population YRRIL containing 215 lines were used as the research object,and the YRRIL population was planted in two environments,Yulin,Shaanxi and Mizhi,Shaanxi,in May 2023,respectively.The phenotypic values of plant height trait of each family were measured at five stages:seedling,elongation,booting,tasseling,and ripening period,respectively.Combined with the genetic linkage map of the YRRIL population,genetic analysis and dynamic QTL mapping of plant height trait at different growth stages of millet were carried out,and the unconditional QTL and conditional QTL controlling plant height of millet were identified.On this basis,candidate gene prediction for important QTL was carried out using Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis methods.【Result】In the entire growth period of the millet plant height growth trend was the“S”type curve,from the elongation stage to the booting stage,the growth rate of plant height was faster,which was the key stage of plant height development.In the two environments,plant height of each family line of the population showed continuous distribution at different periods.A total of 86 QTL related to plant height were detected at five periods in the two environments,which were distributed on all 9 chromosomes of the foxtail millet genome.It contained 48 unconditional QTL and 38 conditional QTL,and the phenotypic contribution rate of unconditional QTL was 1.13%-17.49%,of which 6 could be detected repeatedly at two growth periods,and the rest were detected only at one growth period.The phenotypic contribution rate of conditional QTL was 1.9

关 键 词：谷子 重组自交系群体 株高 株型 QTL 候选基因 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]