小粒不规则种子吸附特性试验研究  

Experimental study on adsorption characteristics of small irregular seeds

作　　者：徐云杰 汪金凯 盛浩威 胡飞 祁亨年 Xu Yunjie;Wang Jinkai;Sheng Haowei;Hu Fei;Qi Hengnian(School of Engineering,Huzhou Normal University,Huzhou,313000,China;Huzhou Mechanical Engineering Society,Huzhou,313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院工学院,浙江湖州313000 [2]湖州市机械工程学会,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2024年第10期25-32,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：湖州市科学技术局公益性应用研究项目(2019GZ15)。

摘　　要：针对不规则小粒径种子精选、精播要求,选取大叶木耳菜、小麦和黄瓜三类不同形状的种子为试验对象,对气吸式排种器进行试验研究,分析吸嘴的形状、种子重量、吸嘴直径、孔径比、吸附压力和吸嘴转速对最大压力、极限压力、吸空率、单粒吸附率和复粒吸附率的影响。结果表明:建立的最大压力线性回归方程可以较好地估测不同吸嘴直径和吸嘴转速下所需要的最大压力;建立的极限压力线性回归方程对大叶木耳菜和小麦种子的估测较好,无法对黄瓜种子进行估测;重量对三类种子的单粒吸附率影响都较小,总体上可以忽略;吸附压力对大叶木耳菜和小麦种子的单粒吸附率影响较大、对黄瓜种子影响较小;吸嘴直径对三类种子的单粒吸附率影响都较大;吸嘴转速对小麦种子的单粒吸附率影响较大、对大叶木耳菜和黄瓜种子影响较小。确定三类种子最优单粒吸附率参数为:大叶木耳菜种子在吸附压力为15 kPa,吸嘴直径为2.0 mm,吸嘴转速为16.875 r/min时,最大单粒吸附率为99.17%;小麦种子在吸附压力为15 kPa,吸嘴直径为2.0 mm,吸嘴转速为16.875 r/min时,最大单粒吸附率为98.33%;黄瓜种子在吸附压力为15 kPa,吸嘴直径为1.0 mm,吸嘴转速为20.625 r/min时,最大单粒吸附率为95%。Aiming at the requirements of irregular small diameter seeds selection and fine sowing,three kinds of seeds with different shapes of malabar spinach,wheat and cucumber were selected as test objects to conduct experimental research on the air suction seed extractor.The influences of nozzle shape,seed weight,nozzle diameter,aperture ratio,adsorption pressure and nozzle speed on maximum pressure,ultimate pressure,zero particle adsorption rate,single particle adsorption rate and multiple particle adsorption rate were analyzed.The experimental results showed that the established linear regression equation of maximum pressure could better estimate the maximum pressure under different nozzle diameters and rotating speeds.The established linear regression equation of ultimate pressure could better estimate the seeds of malabar spinach and wheat,but could not estimate the seeds of cucumber.Weight had little effect on the single particle adsorption rate of three kinds of seeds,which could be ignored in general.The adsorption pressure had a greater effect on the single particle adsorption rate of malabar spinach and wheat seeds,but had a lesser effect on cucumber seeds.The diameter of the nozzle had a great effect on the single particle adsorption rate of the three kinds of seeds.The rotation speed of the nozzle had a greater effect on the single particle adsorption rate of wheat seeds,but had a lesser effect on malabar spinach and cucumber seeds.The optimal single particle adsorption rate parameters of the three types of seeds were determined as follows:the maximum single particle adsorption rate of malabar spinach seed was 99.17%when the adsorption pressure was 15 kPa,the diameter of the suction nozzle was 2.0 mm and the rotation speed of the suction nozzle was 16.875 r/min.The maximum single particle adsorption rate of wheat seed was 98.33%when the adsorption pressure was 15 kPa,the diameter of the nozzle was 2.0 mm and the rotation speed of the nozzle was 16.875 r/min.The maximum single particle adsorption rate of cucum

关 键 词：种子 不规则 精选 精播 气吸式 单粒吸附率 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]