溶解氧变化对菲律宾蛤仔鳃组织结构的影响  

Effects of dissolved oxygen changes on the gill tissue structure of Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：周丽青[1,2] 葛广玉 井浩 吴宙 孙秀俊 李家乐[2] 吴彪[1] 刘志鸿[1] 杨金龙[2] ZHOU Liqing;GE Guangyu;JING Hao;WU Zhou;SUN Xiujun;LI Jiale*;WU Biao;LIU Zhihong;YANG Jinlong(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center For Marine Aquaculture,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]浙江海洋大学,国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第10期51-59,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD30);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203803);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022022001);青岛市市南区科技计划(2022-2-026-ZH);莆田市科技计划(2021NJJ002)。

摘　　要：为探讨溶解氧变化对菲律宾蛤仔鳃组织结构的影响,实验设计3种溶解氧变动模式,分别为一直维持正常溶解氧C处理、正常溶解氧-快速低氧24 h-快速复氧4 h AHR处理、正常溶解氧-缓慢低氧48 h-缓慢复氧8 h CHR处理,然后采用组织切片和免疫组化方法分析了溶解氧变化对鳃组织结构的影响。组织切片结果显示,溶解氧变化会影响到菲律宾蛤仔鳃组织的形态结构,低氧使鳃丝变宽,表层上皮细胞破损,纤毛脱落,海绵状血腔组织变得松散,鳃小腔空隙变大,内有细胞残片;低氧再复氧明显改变鳃叶鳃小瓣的形态,外鳃叶鳃小瓣组织细胞受损程度比内鳃叶鳃小瓣严重;缓慢低氧48 h和缓慢复氧8 h对鳃组织结构损伤较快速低氧24 h和快速复氧4 h严重。免疫组化结果显示,快速低氧24 h和缓慢低氧48 h均使鳃组织ROS水平提高,复氧仅降低鳃组织的ROS水平,短时间内对低氧造成的损伤无明显修复作用,缓慢低氧48 h和复氧8 h破损的鳃组织细胞多且弥散,细胞核质边界不清晰,鳃组织细胞受损程度高于快速低氧24 h和复氧4 h。研究表明,无论缓慢低氧48 h还是快速低氧24 h均会对鳃组织的细胞结构造成损伤,短时间内复氧,组织细胞损伤得不到修复,缓慢低氧48 h对鳃组织结构损伤较快速低氧24 h严重,且组织细胞损伤在缓慢复氧8 h时还持续加重。本研究可为双壳贝类养殖模式调整提供参考。The Ruditapes philippinarum mainly inhabits estuaries,inner bays and coastal mudflat.Affected by tides,rainfall and seasons,the dissolved oxygen in their living environment is prone to change,which will affect their growth,survival and metabolism.The gills of bivalves are both respiratory organs and feeding organs used for filtering food.In order to investigate the effect of dissolved oxygen changes on the gill tissue structure of R.philippinarum and provide parameters for their aquaculture management,we designed three modes of dissolved oxygen changes,namely,continuous maintenance of regular dissolved oxygen C treatment,regular dissolved oxygen-rapid hypoxia for 24 h-rapid reoxygenation for 4 h AHR treatment,and regular dissolved oxygen-slow hypoxia for 48 hslow reoxygenation for 8 h CHR treatment.Then tissue sections and immunohistochemstry methods were used to analyze the effect of dissolved oxygen changes on the gill tissue structure.The results of tissue sectioning showed that dissolved oxygen changes would affect the morphology and structure of gill tissue in R.philippinarum.Hypoxia caused gill filaments to widen,surface epithelial cells to damage,cilia to fall off,the sponge like blood cavity tissue to become loose,gill lumen gaps to become larger,and there were cell fragments inside.Hypoxia reoxygenation significantly changed the morphology of the gill flap,and the damage to the tissue cells of the outer gill flap was more severe than that of the inner gill flap.Slow hypoxia for 48 h and slow reoxygenation for 8 h caused more severe damage to the gill tissue structure than quick hypoxia for 24 h and quick reoxygenation for 4 h.The immunohistochemical results showed that both rapid hypoxia for 24 h and slow hypoxia for 48 h increase the ROS level in the gill tissue,while reoxygenation only reduced the ROS level a little in the gill tissue.There was no significant repair effect on the damage caused by hypoxia in a short period of time.The gill tissue cells damaged by slow hypoxia for 48 h and reoxygenation

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 鳃 形态结构 低氧 活性氧 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]