贵阳市2023年环境空气质量特征及污染源区分析  

Analysis of Environmental Air Quality Characteristics and Pollution Source Areas in Guiyang City in 2023

作　　者：杨敬婷 王艳妮 谢凯夫 彭科曼 杨俊 Yang Jingting;Wang Yanni;Xie Kaifu;Peng Keman;Yang Jun(Guizhou Institute of Environmental Sciences Research and Design,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Environmental Protection Consulting Co.,Ltd,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Guiyang Meteorological Bureau,Guiyang 550001,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州环科环保咨询有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [3]贵阳市气象局,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第16期120-128,共9页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般239);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(黔科中引地[2022](4056))。

摘　　要：通过收集和整理贵阳市监测站点所得数据,对贵阳市2023年各污染物浓度进行统计分析,揭示其污染程度及变化规律。2023年贵阳市春季和夏季,受降雨洗净效应,颗粒物较其他季节偏低,但光照和温度升高导致臭氧浓度达到年内高峰,特别是碧云窝站点记录的105.66μg/m^(3)。秋冬季节,人为活动及大气逆温增加了污染物浓度,红边门站点PM_(2.5)达40.19μg/m^(3),中院村PM_(10)最高达59.59μg/m^(3),显示出工业和交通活动对污染的显著影响。同样,SO_(2)和NO_(2)浓度在冬季显著上升,SO_(2)最大浓度出现在中院村达17.90μg/m^(3),NO_(2)最大浓度出现在市环保站,为25.50μg/m^(3)。通过皮尔逊相关性分析,PM_(2.5)与PM_(10)、SO_(2)与NO_(2)呈现极强正相关,CO与PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)相关系数为0.575~0.608,反映交通和工业燃烧是其主要来源。O_(3)与其他污染物关联性较弱,受气象条件影响显著。SO_(2)与PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)强正相关,可能与硫酸盐生成有关,而NO_(2)与PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)相关性强,强调机动车尾气和工业排放对污染浓度的重要影响。通过对2023年污染天潜在源区分析,结果显示污染源主要来自西南方向,利用PSCF与CWT分析确认了长距离污染物输送路径,尤其是广西自治区西乡塘区和武鸣县大气污染物输送在此次污染事件中影响显著,最大贡献浓度为107.74μg/m^(3)。旨在为贵阳市的空气质量管理和污染防治提供科学指导和政策建议,为制定科学的污染治理措施提供重要的参考。This study collected and analyzed data from monitoring stations in Guiyang City in 2023 to investigate the concentration levels and variations of various pollutants.During spring and summer,the air quality improved slightly due to rain washout effects,resulting in lower particulate matter(PM_(2.5) and PM_(10)) concentrations.However,ozone(O_3) levels peaked from April to June due to increased sunlight and higher temperatures,with the highest concentration recorded at the Biyunwo station(105.66 μg/m~3).In late autumn,adverse weather conditions and agricultural activities contributed to elevated SO_(2) and NO_(2) concentrations.During winter,pollution levels were generally high,with the Hongbianmen station reporting the highest PM_(2.5) concentration(40.19 μg/m~3) and the Zhongyuancun station recording the highest PM_(10 )concentration(59.59 μg/m~3).These findings highlight the significant impact of industrial and traffic emissions.Pearson correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between PM_(2.5) and PM_(10,) SO_(2) and NO_2,and CO and various pollutants.O_(3) showed weaker associations with other pollutants,influenced by meteorological conditions.The potential pollution sources were identified using PSCF and CWT analyses,with long-distance transport from Guangxi's Xixiangtang district and Wuming County significantly affecting Guiyang City during the pollution event(maximum contribution concentration:107.74 μg/m~3).This study provides valuable insights for effective pollution control and management policies in Guiyang City.

关 键 词：环境空气质量 相关性分析 潜在源区 贵阳市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]