高低温对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料高压气瓶的性能影响  

Effects of high-low temperature on properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite high-pressure vessel

作　　者：李玉峰[1] 赵积鹏 张海 于斌[1] LI Yufeng;ZHAO Jipeng;ZHANG Hai;YU Bin(Lanzhou Institute of Aerospace Technology and Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第9期119-125,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：为了获得T1000碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料高压气瓶环境适应能力,有效地掌握气瓶高低温适应性固有规律,以容积50 L、工作压力30 MPa的复合材料气瓶(钛为内衬、碳纤维/环氧树脂为复合层)为研究对象,首先介绍了高低温循环下带压气瓶(在-40~80℃范围内成功通过热真空、热循环验证,具备高压承载能力)的热真空、热循环试验数据,然后采用与气瓶相同复合材料的拉伸试样(缠绕角分别为0°和90°),通过高低温极限摸底试验获得了复合材料经历不同梯度高低温后的拉伸性能数据,通过数据比对分析获得了高低温影响拉伸强度衰减的规律。同时,提出了一种高低温极限摸底试验的可靠性评估方法。结果表明,在-50~100℃范围内,试样拉伸强度及断裂伸长率变化较小;当温度高于100℃时,纤维和树脂的性能发生衰减,导致拉伸强度明显降低;当温度低于-50℃时,树脂的性能发生衰减,纤维受到的影响较小。试样高低温极限摸底试验的可靠度大于0.999,表明采用拉伸试样高低温拉伸强度数据的替代方式具有较高的等效性。In order to obtain the environmental adaptability on the T1000 carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite vessel,and to grasp inherent characters on the high-low temperature adaptability of the vessel,the composite vessel(titanium as lining,carbon fiber/epoxy resin as composite layer)with volume 50 L and operating pressure 30 MPa was regarded as an object of study,firstly,the thermal vacuum and thermal cycle test data of the pressurized vessel under high-low temperature circulation were introduced(the composite vessel was successfully verified by thermal vacuum and thermal cycle test and had high pressure bearing capacity in the temperature range of-40-80℃).Secondly,using tensile samples with the same composites of the vessel(the winding angle is 0°and 90°respectively),the tensile properties data of the composites after experiencing different gradient high and low temperature were obtained through high-low temperature limit diagnostic test,and the tensile strength attenuation rule affected by high-low temperature was obtained through data comparative analysis.Finally,a reliability assessment method on the high-low temperature limit diagnostic test was offered.The results show that,in the range of-50-100℃,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the samples change less,when the temperature is above 100℃,the properties of fibers and resin decay,resulting in a significant reduction in tensile strength,and when the temperature is below-50℃,the performance of the resin attenuates,and the fibers are less affected.The reliability of the vessel high-low temperature limit diagnostic test is greater than 0.999,indicating that the alterna-tive method of using high-low temperature tensile strength data of the tensile sample has high equivalence.

关 键 词：复合材料 高压气瓶 T1000碳纤维缠绕气瓶 环境适应性 高低温影响 

分 类 号：TG435.1[金属学及工艺—焊接] V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]