生成式人工智能与美国总统大选隐忧  

Concerns on Generative Artificial Intelligence and the U.S.Presidential Election

作　　者：郑乐锋 ZHENG Lefeng(School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《信息安全与通信保密》2024年第8期49-61,共13页Information Security and Communications Privacy

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(22BXW046)。

摘　　要：随着2024年美国总统大选活动的日益临近,生成式人工智能技术被越来越多地应用于两党政治竞选活动中。两党总统候选人及其竞选团队通过不断提升生成式人工智能技术的助选能力,并将其与互联网、社交媒体、大数据分析技术相互融合,开展政治营销、竞选宣传、选民互动、选情分析及其竞选策略调整等活动。然而,生成式人工智能技术使得虚假信息呈现病毒式传播,令选民沉浸在“不确定的信息环境”中,进而难辨其真伪,干扰选民判断和投票选择,威胁选举进程的公正性和安全性。可以预见,生成式人工智能正悄然改变美国政治竞选的模式和“游戏规则”,使得美国选举政治和民主进程呈现出前所未有的政治景象。As the 2024 U.S.presidential election approaches,GAI(Generative Artificial Intelligence)is increasingly being used in the political campaigns of both parties.Presidential candidates of both parties and their campaign teams continue to improve the electioneering capabilities of GAI technology and integrate them with the Internet,social media,and big data analytics to carry out activities such as political marketing,campaign propaganda,voter interaction,election analysis,and campaign strategy adjustments.However,GAI technology facilitates the viral spread of disinformation,which immerses voters in an“uncertain information environment”and makes it difficult for them to distinguish authenticity,interfering with voters’judgment and voting choices and threatening the fairness and security of the election process.It is foreseeable that GAI is quietly changing the mode and“rules of the game”of the U.S.political campaign,presenting an unprecedented political landscape in the U.S.electoral politics and the democratic process.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 选举政治 美国大选 社交媒体 虚假信息 

分 类 号：D815.9[政治法律—国际关系]