我国聚变堆氚增殖循环技术最新研究进展与展望  

Tritium Breeding Technology for Fusion Reactor in China

作　　者：彭述明[1] 赵林杰[1] 肖成建[1] PENG Shuming;ZHAO Linjie;XIAO Chengjian(Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2024年第S02期284-295,共12页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0301600)。

摘　　要：氚增殖循环(也称外循环)是实现聚变堆氚燃料自持的关键。氚增殖循环由增殖剂产氚、提氚、氢同位素分离、氚分析检测等多个单元组成,各单元之间相互关联,缺一不可。依托国家重点研发计划“CFETR增殖包层氚提取与测量工程技术”项目,近期在多个氚增殖技术研究中取得了新进展。主要包括:在中国绵阳堆上在线演示了增殖包层百居里级在线产氚与提氚;开展了1∶1规模的增殖包层氚提取与氢同位素分离氢氘模拟实验,动态提取效率达99.1%,停堆提取效率达99.95%,氢同位素分离浓缩倍数达104倍,回收效率达99.26%;开展了基于水精馏的含氚水处理中试试验,贫化大于2 000倍,浓缩大于20倍。基于此,对未来聚变堆的氚工厂设计和建设进行了展望。In the development roadmap of magnetic confinement fusion energy of China,a fusion engineering test reactor named China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor(CFETR)was proposed.CFETR aims to bridge the gap between International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)and demonstration reactor(DEMO).One of the main goals of CFETR is to achieve tritium fuel self-sustaining,with tritium breeding ratio exceeding 1.0.In order to achieve tritium fuel self-sustaining and safe tritium disposal,it is very important to establish a closed tritium fuel cycle.Therefore,a tritium plant composed of various tritium treatment systems is a necessary condition for the successful operation of CFETR.According to the overall group planning,in the CFETR engineering design stage,it is necessary to give the detailed engineering conceptual design and engineering feasibility verification of CFETR tritium plant system.In the middle of the‘Thirteenth Five-Year Plan’,due to the engineering design requirements of tritium plant of CFETR,three major key technical research projects related to tritium plant were deployed in the‘National Research Project on the Development of Magnetic Confinement Nuclear Fusion Energy’.Tritium plant mainly consists of three loops:the inner cycling loop,the outer cycling loop and the confinement and safety loop.The main task of the outer cycling loop of tritium plant is to realize tritium breeding in the breeder blanket,and extract and separate the breeding tritium for continuous tritium supply.The outer cycling loop consists of several units,including tritium production by breeder,tritium extraction,hydrogen isotope separation and tritium measurement,which are interrelated and indispensable.Relying on the national key research and development plan‘Tritium Extraction and Measurement Engineering Technology for CFETR Breeding Blanket’,new progress was made in the research of several tritium breeding technologies.It mainly includes the following aspects.An in-pile tritium production and in-situ tritium extraction

关 键 词：氚增殖循环 氚燃料自持 氚增殖技术 氚工厂 

分 类 号：TL642[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O615.11[理学—无机化学]