核保障用探测器的现状与发展  

Current Status and Development of Detector for Nuclear Safeguards

作　　者：赵永刚[1] 靳尚泰 庄晓 郭佳承 柏磊[1] 沈彦[1] 黄声慧 陈雷 智宇 李沛玉 胡守扬[2] 周静[2] 孙鹏飞 宋金兴 赵明锐 贾世海 邓桂华 吝守龙 卢志永 许天驹 王浩祯 蒋涛 李笑梅[2] ZHAO Yonggang;JIN Shangtai;ZHUANG Xiao;GUO Jiacheng;BAI Lei;SHEN Yan;HUANG Shenghui;CHEN Lei;ZHI Yu;LI Peiyu;HU Shouyang;ZHOU Jing;SUN Pengfei;SONG Jinxing;ZHAO Mingrui;JIA Shihai;DENG Guihua;LIN Shoulong;LU Zhiyong;XU Tianju;WANG Haozhen;JIANG Tao;LI Xiaomei(Department of Radiochemistry,China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data,China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413 [2]中国原子能科学研究院核数据重点实验室,北京102413

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2024年第S02期438-451,共14页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0104800,2022YFA1602103);中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所青年基金(37KY-202303);稳定支持基础科研计划(BJ010261223282)。

摘　　要：国际原子能机构(IAEA)建立了比较完整的核保障体系并不断加以完善,以确保有能力监督原子能技术的和平利用,以及保障相关核技术不被应用于军事用途。本文对IAEA核保障体系的建立和发展进行了描述。核保障技术的应用与发展依赖于探测技术的进步,国内在核保障技术方面做了大量的研究,基于各种探测需求开发了不同探测装置,如针对γ射线、X射线、中子的辐射探测器,针对衰变产生热量的量热计,针对不同质量数进行区分的质谱仪。对IAEA核保障设备的发展趋势进行了分析,提出了一些未来可以应用的探测器或探测技术。The International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)has established a comprehensive nuclear safeguards system and continuously improved it to ensure the capability to oversee the peaceful use of nuclear technology and to prevent its diversion for military purposes.This paper describes the establishment and development of IAEA nuclear safeguards system.The application and advancement of nuclear safeguards technology relies on the progress of detection technology.China has conducted extensive researches in nuclear safeguards technology,leading to the development of various detection devices tailored to diverse detection needs.These include radiation detectors forγ-rays,X-rays,and neutrons,calorimeters for measuring decay-generated heat,and mass spectrometers for distinguishing between different mass numbers.This paper analyzes the development trends of IAEA nuclear safeguards equipment and proposes potential future applications for detectors and detection technologies.

关 键 词：核保障 核材料 探测器 辐射测量 

分 类 号：TL8[核科学技术—核技术及应用]