桥梁板式橡胶支座开裂力学性能  

Mechanical Property of Cracked Bridge Plate Rubber Bearing

作　　者：高小妮[1] 任红伟[1] 朱蔚涛 郝朝伟 GAO Xiao-ni;REN Hong-wei;ZHU Wei-tao;HAO Chao-wei(Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China;Jiaxing Experssway Construction Development Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314000,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088 [2]嘉兴市快速路建设发展有限公司,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2024年第8期146-153,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2020-9027)。

摘　　要：为了研究板式橡胶支座开裂后的力学性能,为桥梁的养护和设计提供更科学的依据,进一步明确支座开裂后裂缝宽度、深度以及裂缝深度对支座力学性能的影响;针对公路桥梁板式支座开裂的问题,利用大型有限元分析软件,建立了不同裂缝宽度、深度和不同开裂层数等多种病害工况下的有限元模型,构建了支座开裂与支座性能衰减间的关系,并对支座在不同病害程度下的力学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明:裂缝宽度较小且开裂层数较少时,开裂对支座受力性能影响很小;当裂缝宽度小于2 mm,裂缝层数小于3层时,对支座竖向位移影响较小,但对支座橡胶最大拉应力和钢板应力影响较大;当裂缝宽度大于2 mm后或支座开裂层数大于3层,对支座的受力性能影响较大。建议将裂缝宽度小于0.5 mm,裂缝层数小于3层,支座病害等级定为Ⅱ级;将裂缝宽度在0.5~1 mm之间,裂缝层数小于3层,支座病害等级定为Ⅲ级;裂缝宽度在1~2 mm之间,裂缝层数小于2层,支座病害等级定为Ⅳ级;裂缝宽度大于2 mm或支座开裂大于3层,支座病害等级定为Ⅴ级,该分级建议可为桥梁板式橡胶支座相关评定标准修订提供参考。To study the mechanical properties of plate rubber bearing after cracking,and provide a more scientific basis for bridge maintenance and design,the influence of crack width,depth and crack depth on the bearing mechanical properties after cracking were further clarified.Aiming at the cracking problem of highway bridge plate bearing,the finite element model with different crack widths,depths and cracking layers was established by using large-scale finite element analysis software.The relation between bearing cracking and bearing performance attenuation was constructed.The bearing mechanical properties at different disease degrees were compared and analyzed.The result indicates that when the crack width is small and the number of cracking layers is small,the cracking has little effect on the bearing mechanical properties.When the crack width is less than 2 mm and the number of crack layers is less than 3,the vertical displacement of bearing is less affected,but the maximum tensile stress of rubber and the stress of steel plate are significantly affected.When the crack width is greater than 2 mm or the number of bearing cracking layers is over 3,it has great influence on the bearing mechanical properties.It is suggested that when the crack width is less than 0.5 mm and the number of crack layers is less than 3,the bearing disease grade should be grade II;when the crack width is from 0.5 to 1 mm and the number of crack layers is less than 3,the bearing disease grade should be grade III;when the crack width is from 1 to 2 mm and the number of crack layers is less than 2,the bearing disease grade should be grade IV;when the crack width is over 2 mm,or the number of crack layers is over 3,the bearing disease grade should be grade V.The grading proposal can provide the reference for the revision of relevant evaluation standards of plate rubber bearing of bridge.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 力学性能 有限元分析 板式橡胶支座 裂缝 

分 类 号：U443.361[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]