不同施氮处理对百农207光合特性及氮肥利用效率的影响  

Effect of different nitrogen application treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of Bainong 207

作　　者：郑梦瑶 欧行奇[1] 尹宇龙 李豪杰 郑会芳 崔振岭[2] ZHENG Mengyao;OU Xingqi;YIN Yulong;LI Haojie;ZHENG Huifang;CUI Zhenling(School of Agriculture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学院 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第5期1459-1466,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(242102110161);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101);河南省重大科技专项(241100110300)。

摘　　要：为探究百农207(BN_(2)07)在不同氮肥管理下的光合特性和氮肥利用效率,从而建立最优氮肥管理、实现绿色高产高效栽培,以BN_(2)07为试验材料,设置5种不同氮肥梯度,即0(N0)、120(N120)、180(N180)、240(N_(2)40)及360(N360)kg/hm^(2),分析灌浆中后期小麦光合性能、叶绿素荧光参数和叶面积指数(LAI)的变化,及其对生物量、氮肥利用效率和产量的影响。结果表明,与NO相比,N180、N_(2)40及N360组BN_(2)07叶绿素荧光参数中的F_(V)/F_(M)(暗适应下PSⅡ的最大量子产额)、ET_(O)/RC(单位反应中心捕获的用于电子传递的能量)、LAI、籽粒氮素积累量、生物量及产量分别上升0.71%~4.87%、3.45%~5.70%、117.22%~157.64%、62.67%~63.98%、39.30%~57.01%及27.87%~28.92%,OJIP曲线中各特征位点的峰值和氮肥利用效率均下降,但施氮组间无显著差异。此外,BN_(2)07在N180组的净光合速率(P_n)显著高于其他组,表明BN_(2)07在N180组更有利于实现绿色高产高效的目标。线性加平台结果表明,当施氮量达到172.14 kg/hm^(2)时,小麦的产量达到平台值。综上所述,BN_(2)07的最佳施肥量为172.14 kg/hm^(2),该结果可为BN_(2)07在华北平原地区高产栽培管理提供理论依据。In order to investigates the photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen use efficiency of Bainong207(BN_(2)07)under different nitrogen managements so as to establish optimal nitrogen management and achieve the goal of green,high-yield,and efficient cultivation,using BN_(2)07 as the experimental material,five different nitrogen gradients were set,namely 0(N0),120(N120),180(N180),240(N_(2)40),and 360(N360)kg/hm^(2).The changes in photosynthetic performance,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,and leaf area index(LAI)during the mid to late grain filling stages of wheat,as well as their effects on biomass,nitrogen use efficiency,and yield.were analyzed.The results indicated that compared to N0,in N180,N_(2)40 and N360 groups,the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of BN_(2)07,including F_(V)/F_(M)(the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡunder dark adaptation),ET_(O)/RC(the energy captured by a unit reaction center for electron transport),LAI,the accumulation of grain nitrogen,biomass,and yield,increased by 0.71%-4.87%,3.45%-5.70%,117.22%-157.64%,62.67%-53.98%,39.30%-57.01%,and 27.87%-28.92%,respectively.The peak values of the OJIP curve and nitrogen use efficiency in all groups decreased,but there were no significant differences among the nitrogen treatments.Additionally,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of BN_(2)07 in the N180 group was significantly higher than in other groups,indicating that BN_(2)07 was more conducive to achieving the goal of green,high-yield,and efficient cultivation in the N180 group.The linear plus plateau results indicated that when the nitrogen application reached 172.14 kg/hm^(2),the yield of wheat reached a plateau.In conclusion,the optimal fertilization rate for BN_(2)07 was 172.14 kg/hm^(2),and this result could provide a theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation management of BN_(2)07 in the North China Plain region.

关 键 词：施氮量 光合特性 叶绿素荧光参数 产量 线性加平台 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]