某300 MW机组脱硝前紧凑空间粗颗粒飞灰预脱除关键技术研究及应用  

Research and application of key technologies for pre-removal of coarse particle fly ash in compact space before denitration of a 300 MW unit

作　　者：杨晓刚[1] 兰永胜 郭雅琼 杨小金 王明生 罗志[1] 秦建柱 舒凯[1] 王晓冰[1] 潘栋[1] 王伟 王博[1] YANG Xiaogang;LAN Yongsheng;GUO Yaqiong;YANG Xiaojin;WANG Mingsheng;LUO Zhi;QIN Jianzhu;SHU Kai;WANG Xiaobing;PAN Dong;WANG Wei;WANG Bo(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;Huaneng Xindian Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Zibo 255414,China;Inner Mongolia Fengdian Energy Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Fengzhen 012100,China;Dongfang Power Plant of Huaneng Hainan Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Dongfang 572600,China;Guoneng Ningxia Yuanyang Lake First Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Ningxia 751400,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [2]华能辛店发电有限公司,山东淄博255414 [3]内蒙古丰电能源发电有限责任公司,内蒙古丰镇012100 [4]华能海南发电股份有限公司东方电厂,海南东方572600 [5]国能宁夏鸳鸯湖第一发电有限公司,宁夏银川751400

出　　处：《热力发电》2024年第10期151-162,共12页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：中国华能集团有限公司总部科技项目(HNKJ21-H46,HNKJ22-HF48)。

摘　　要：燃煤机组由于煤质及燃烧等原因,锅炉尾部烟道烟气中的粗飞灰颗粒易造成烟道及脱硝催化剂不同程度的磨损。以某300 MW等级机组省煤器出口至脱硝入口烟道为研究对象,建立“A型折流富集+V型高效收灰+T型粗灰通道”的“A-V-T”型脱硝前粗颗粒飞灰预脱除结构,布置于省煤器出口的大截面低流速烟道内,通过数值模拟研究了布置粗颗粒飞灰预脱除装置前后不同粒径分布轨迹、脱除效果、阻力等条件的影响规律,并进行了工程应用。模拟结果表明:采用粗颗粒脱除技术后对原系统烟气侧流场状态影响小;随着飞灰粒径的增大,飞灰脱除率越高,其中50、200、500、1000μm粒径的飞灰脱除率分别为12.15%、59.40%、87.01%、93.62%,对粒径200μm及以上的粗颗粒脱除效率为85.15%,整体的收灰率为15.50%,新增阻力78 Pa。对某300 MW机组实施改造后,经试验,脱硝前对粒径200μm及以上粗颗粒灰脱除率为83.96%,整体灰的脱除率为14.91%,净增阻力73Pa,试验结果验证了数值模拟结果的合理性。Due to factors such as coal quality and combustion,coarse fly ash particles in flue gas of coal-fired boiler can easily cause varying degrees of wear and tear on tail flue and denitrification catalysts.An“A-V-T”type pre-removal structure for coarse particle fly ash before denitrification is established using the flue from the economizer outlet to the denitrification system inlet of a 300 MW unit as the research object.The structure is composed of“A-type baffle enrichment+V-type high-efficiency ash collection+T-type coarse ash channel”and is placed in a large cross-section low flow velocity flue at the economizer outlet.The influence rules of different particle size distribution trajectories,removal effects and resistance before and after the arrangement of the coarse particle fly ash pre-removal device are studied through numerical simulation,and engineering application is conducted to verify the effectiveness.The numerical simulation results indicate that,the use of coarse particle removal technology has little effect on flow field state of the original system at flue gas side.As the particle size of fly ash increases,the removal rate of fly ash increases.The removal rates of fly as particles with size of 50,200,500,and 1000μm are 12.15%,59.40%,87.01%,and 93.62%,respectively.The removal efficiency for coarse particles with size of 200μm and above is 85.15%.The overall ash collection rate is 15.50%,with an additional resistance of 78 Pa.For this 300 MW unit,the tests after retrofitting show that,the removal rate of coarse ash particles with size of 200μm and above is 83.96%,the overall removal rate of ash is 14.91%,and the net increase in resistance is 73 Pa.The experimental results verify the rationality of the numerical simulation results.

关 键 词：脱硝 粒径分布 粗颗粒飞灰 脱除 阻力 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] X773[环境科学与工程—环境工程]