“三北”工程山水林田湖草沙“皮”“毛”兼治的生态治理新理念  

New ecological governance concept of the"skin"and"fur"management of the mountain,river,forest,farmland,lake,grassland,sand in the"Great Green Wall"project

作　　者：高攀 崔桂鹏 孔维远 周尚哲 卢琦[1,2] Pan Gao;Guipeng Cui;Weiyuan Kong;Shangzhe Zhou;Qi Lu(Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration/Institute of Desertification Studies,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Institute of Great Green Wall,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所/荒漠化研究所,北京100091 [2]三北工程研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第4期253-261,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2023ZA008-06,CAFYBB2021ZD003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271966);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32101592);科学技术部科技基础资源调查专项项目(2022FY202300);国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目(202401-01)。

摘　　要：过去10年来,中国创造性提出并发展了山水林田湖草沙系统治理、综合治理、源头治理、全域治理等生态治理新理念,实现了从单一要素治理到多要素一体化治理、从九龙治水到流域统筹的转变。在“三北”等重点生态工程建设实践中,如何统筹土地要素(生态用地)和植被要素(生产力)的生态治理仍然存在困难。分析了山水林田湖草沙7类要素特征的独特性,提出“三北”工程山水林田湖草沙“皮”“毛”兼治的理念,介绍了“皮”“毛”兼治的典型区和典型案例,为未来沙区开展荒漠化综合防治和“三北”等重点生态工程建设提供了新的思考。Over the past decades,China has creatively proposed and developed new ecological governance concepts such as systematic,comprehensive,source and whole-area governance of the“mountain,river,forest,farmland,lake,grassland,sand”systems.The transformation from single-element governance to multi-element integrated governance,and from individual river harnessing in to drainage basin management has been achieved.However,in the construction practice of key ecological projects such as the“Great Green Wall”project,it is still difficult to coordinate the ecological management of land elements(ecological land use)and vegetation elements(productivity).In this study,we analyzed the uniqueness of the seven ecological elements of“mountain,river,forest,farmland,lake,grassland,sand”,and also proposed the idea of“skin”and“fur”management of these elements,as well as their typical areas and cases,which provide new insights for the future comprehensive desertification prevention and control in sandy areas and the construction of key ecological projects such as the“Great Green Wall”project.

关 键 词：山水林田湖草沙 “皮”“毛”兼治 荒漠化防治 系统治理 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]