科尔沁沙地防沙治沙实践与生态可持续修复浅议  

The practice on prevention and control of aeolian desertification and suggestion on the ecologically sustainable restoration in the Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：李玉强 王旭洋 郑成卓 连杰 刘新平 龚相文 段育龙 牟晓明 王立龙 Yuqiang Li;Xuyang Wang;Chengzhuo Zheng;Jie Lian;Xinping Liu;Xiangwen Gong;Yulong Duan;Xiaoming Mu;Lilong Wang(Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第4期302-314,共13页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS000701);国家自然科学基金项目(31971466)。

摘　　要：地处中国北方农牧交错带东南端的科尔沁沙地,本应是水草丰美的疏林草地景观,然而脆弱的生态环境基质条件叠加气候变化与不合理的人类活动影响,使其成为现代沙漠化最严重的区域之一。在中国防沙治沙的实践进程中,科尔沁沙地率先实现了沙漠化逆转,但在全球变化背景下该区的防沙治沙形势依然严峻。本文重点梳理了科尔沁沙地在过去几十年防沙治沙中形成的独具特色的治理模式及成效,归纳了科尔沁沙地歼灭战攻坚行动启动以来各省区的行动方案,探讨分析了新时代防沙治沙面临的主要问题与挑战,并针对性地提出了生态可持续修复的对策建议,以期为科尔沁沙地生态环境高水平保护修复与经济社会高质量发展提供科技支撑。Horqin Sandy Land,located at the southeast end of the agro-pastoral ecotone in North China,should have been a landscape of sparse forest grassland with abundant water and grass.However,it has become one of the most seriously desertified areas in the modern era,due to the fragile ecological environment conditions combined with the influence of climate change and unreasonable human activities.During the great practice of desertification prevention and control in China,Horqin Sandy Land has taken the lead in realizing the benign reversal of desertification.Whereas,the situation of desertification prevention and control in this region is still severe under the background of global change.This paper focused on the typical countermeasure model and its effectiveness achieved in the past decades of sand control and prevention in Horqin Sandy Land,summarized the action plans of various provinces and regions since the launch of the decisive battle against desertification in Horqin Sandy Land,discussed the main problems and challenges facing by sand control and prevention in the new period,and put forward targeted ecological sustainable restoration countermeasures.The aim was to provide scientific and technological support for the high-level protection and restoration of the ecological environment and highquality economic and social development in the Horqin Sandy Land.

关 键 词：北方风沙区 沙地生态系统 沙漠化防治 治沙模式 生态修复 

分 类 号：P941.73[天文地球—自然地理学]