走向善治:世界反兴奋剂机构如何应对治理失灵  

Towards Good Governance:How does the World Anti-Doping Agency Respond to Governance Failures

作　　者：郑志杰 赵耀 易剑东 任慧涛 ZHENG Zhijie;ZHAO Yao;YI Jiandong;REN Huitao(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fujian Fuzhou 350117;Institute for Olympic Governance,Wenzhou University,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035;College of Physical Education,Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Yangzhou 225127;Office of Social Sciences Research Administration,Quanzhou Normal University,Fujian Quanzhou 362000)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州350007 [2]温州大学奥林匹克与全球体育善治研究院,浙江温州325035 [3]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225127 [4]泉州师范学院社会科学处,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2024年第5期54-66,共13页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“全球体育治理的组织间冲突与中国应对研究”(21CTY017)。

摘　　要：经过2016年至今的多轮次改革,世界反兴奋剂机构及其领导下的全球反兴奋剂治理体系有效解决了治理失灵挑战,建构并巩固了基于内部结构、透明度、程序正义、运动员代表和问责制的治理新实践。文章在俞可平(2002)的全球治理要素分析框架下,重新审视了全球反兴奋剂治理失灵及其校正的历史进程。研究认为:世界反兴奋剂机构放弃威权主义,回应运动员诉求,重新树立“专业自治、协同共治”理念与价值观;明确全球反兴奋剂治理体系中的主体与客体;改革形成更具独立性、民主性和透明度的治理结构,聚焦违规本身与背后复杂网络;完善政策、健全监管和注重多元路径。世界反兴奋剂机构“走向善治”的主动变革,形成了面向现代性善治诉求的治理框架,推动了全球反兴奋剂工作重回正轨。After multiple rounds of reforms from 2016 to the present,WADA and the global anti-doping governance system under its leadership have effectively addressed the governance failures by constructing and consolidating new practices of governance based on internal structure,transparency,procedural justice,athlete representation,and accountability.This study re-examines the historical process of global anti-doping governance failures and their correction within the framework of Yu Keping's(2002)analysis of the elements of global governance.The study argues that:WADA should abandon authoritarianism,respond to athletes'demands,and re-establish the concept and values of"professional autonomy and collaborative governance";clarify the subjects and objects in the global anti-doping governance system;reform a more independent,democratic,and transparent governance structure that focuses on the violations themselves and the complex networks behind them;and improve policies,improve regulation,and focus on the complex networks behind them.The WADA has been working to improve policy,regulation and pluralistic approaches.WADA's initiative to"move toward good governance"has resulted in a governance framework towards the demands of modernity and good governance,which has helped to put the global anti-doping effort back on track.

关 键 词：世界反兴奋剂机构 国际体育组织 治理失灵 善治 体育治理 

分 类 号：G80-053[文化科学—运动人体科学]