中国式摔跤“绝招”技术的形成与培优  

The Development and Cultivation of"Signature"Techniques in Chinese-style Wrestling

作　　者：张玻源 朱金棒[2] 马世坤 Zhang Boyuan;Zhu Jinbang;Ma Shikun(Wushu School of Wuhan University of Sport,Wuhan Hubei 430079,China;College of Sports Training,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学武术学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉体育学院运动训练学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《武术研究》2024年第9期124-127,共4页Wushu Studies

摘　　要：文章运用文献资料法、实践体悟法、专家访谈法等研究方法,以中国式摔跤“绝招”技术为研究对象,通过对中国式摔跤“绝招”的形成与培优进行多角度审视,旨在打造有效的“绝招”技术。研究认为:中国式摔跤“绝招”技术的形成分为三个阶段,前期针对培养、规范动作;中期巩固稳定、强化精度;后期量取质变、动态发挥;对于“绝招”技术的培优需要从针对性把位抓握与把位转换、连贯技能的组合与变换、身体素质优势的选择与互补、攻防战术思维的使用与协同四个方面来实现;进而归纳了规则的限制与导向、对手的交流与反馈、技术的倾向与风格三个维度的影响因素;并以此为教练员与运动员提出建议:心理状态平稳,思维冷静清晰、重视体能训练,强化耐力输出、发展全面技术,突出重点“绝招”。This study aims to create effective"signature"techniques in Chinese-style wrestling through the use of research methods such as literature review,practical experience,and expert interviews.By examining the formation and optimization of these techniques from multiple perspectives,the study identifies three stages in the development of Chinese-style wrestling"signature"techniques:initial cultivation with a focus on standardized movements,mid-term consolidation and stability with an emphasis on precision,and late-stage transformation through dynamic execution.To optimize these"signature"techniques,the study recommends focusing on four aspects:targeted positioning and transitions,combinations and variations of coherent skills,selection and complementation of physical fitness advantages,and the use of strategic thinking in offensive and defensive tactics.Additionally,the study identifies three influencing factors:the limitations and guidelines of rules,communication and feedback from opponents,and the tendencies and styles of techniques.Based on these findings,the study provides recommendations for coaches and athletes,emphasizing the importance of maintaining a stable psychological state,clear and calm thinking,prioritizing physical training to enhance endurance,developing comprehensive skills,and highlighting key"signature"techniques.

关 键 词：中国式摔跤 “绝招” 形成 培养 影响因素 

分 类 号：G85[文化科学—民族体育]