水网格局下流域生态流量保障调度研究——以永定河流域为例  

Studies on safeguarding ecological flow regulation for river basins under the framework of water networks--taking the Yongding River Basin as an example

作　　者：蒋云钟[1,2] 蔡思宇 王超[1,2] Jiang Yunzhong;Cai Siyu;Wang Chao

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部数字孪生流域重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第18期61-67,共7页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3000200)。

摘　　要：水利部2022年起部署实施母亲河复苏行动,以生态流量和水量为保障目标,生态流量管理模式也转向以水量、流量和过程等多样化生态保障为目标的新模式。生态用水需求的多样化,对流域生态用水总量、水利工程调蓄能力提出了更高要求。在保证永定河流域防洪、供水安全前提下,充分发挥跨流域调水对流域生态流量的补偿作用,提出了水网格局下江河流域生态流量保障调度框架,包括生态流量保障目标确定、考虑跨流域调水的生态流量保障调度方案制定、考虑跨流域调水的生态流量保障调度方案执行3个方面,以永定河为例,分析了流域生态流量保障调度实践及效果,提出以贯通“调算—优化—优选”全过程的生态调度决策方法,构建以生态效益最优、补水效率最高、补水费用最小为调度目标的多目标生态流量优化调度模型,可为我国北方水资源短缺流域开展生态流量保障调度提供参考。The Ministry of Water Resources initiated the Mother River Recovery Action since 2022.Targeting at securing ecological flow and water yield,the management mode of ecological flow has transformed into to a new mode with diversify goals of ecological protection for water quantity,flow and process.Diversification of ecological water demand raises higher requirements for the total amount of ecological water use and regulation of storage capacity of water structures in a river basin.In an effort to safeguard flood control and water supply security in the Yongding River Basin and maximize the role of cross-basin water transfer to supplement ecological flow,a framework of safeguarding ecological flow regulation under the framework of water networks was created,including defining goals of safeguarding ecological flow,formulating ecological flow regulation plan and implementation plan with consideration of cross-basin water transfer.Taking Yongding River as an example,the analysis focuses on practices and effectiveness of safeguarding ecological flow regulation.A decision-making method for ecological regulation is proposed that runs through the whole process of“scheduling,optimization,optimized selection”,and a multi-purpose ecological flow optimization regulation model with aims of optimizing ecological benefits,maximizing efficiency and minimizing cost of water replenishment is developed,which may provide insight for safeguarding ecological flow regulation in water scarce river basins in the north of China.

关 键 词：河湖生态环境复苏 国家水网 跨流域调水 生态调度 生态流量 

分 类 号：TV171.4[水利工程]