浅谈中国未来大型水电装备技术挑战与创新  

Discussion on the Technical Challenges and Innovations of Large Hydropower Equipment in the future in China

作　　者：顾国彪[1,2] 郑小康 阮琳 GU Guobiao;ZHENG Xiaokang;RUAN Lin(Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Haidian District,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijingshan District,Beijing 100049,China;Dongfang Electric Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所,北京市海淀区100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京市石景山区100049 [3]东方电气集团东方电机有限公司,四川省德阳市618000

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第17期6959-6972,I0019,共15页PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

摘　　要：我国水电资源丰富、开发程度处于中等水平,远不及欧洲发达国家。“双碳”战略下,水电作为清洁能源,以其高调节性、高稳定性将在以新能源为主的新型电力系统中发挥“压舱石”作用。资源特点和经济性决定未来水电开发将朝向更高水头(高转速)、更大容量趋势发展,机组将具备高海拔环境运行、超高水头、超大容量的特点。开发难度极高,技术挑战前所未有,亟待攻克。该文从多个角度分析阐述特殊工况下我国水电装备开发面临的问题和技术挑战,探讨关键技术发展趋势以及创新技术应用潜力,为未来水电装备的技术创新和突破提供参考方向。China has abundant hydropower resources and a moderate level of exploitation,far inferior to developed countries in Europe.Under the“Peak Carbon Emissions and Carbon Neutrality”strategy,hydropower,as a clean energy source,will play an anchor role in the new power system dominated by new energy due to its high regulation and stability.The characteristics of resources and economy determine that future hydropower development will tend towards higher water head(high speed)and unit’s larger capacity,which determines that the units have the characteristics of ultra-high water head,super-large capacity,and operating in a high-altitude environment.That means the development difficulty of hydropower equipment is extremely high,and the technical challenges are unprecedented,which urgently need to be overcome.This article analyzes and elaborates on the problems and technical challenges faced by China’s future hydropower equipment development under special working conditions from multiple perspectives,predicts the development trends of key technologies and application potential of innovative technology,and provides directional references for future technological innovation and breakthroughs in hydropower equipment.

关 键 词：水电装备 “双碳”战略 超高水头 超大容量 技术创新 

分 类 号：TM0[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]