种植密度对豫东地区夏玉米产量及其构成因素的影响  

The Effect of Planting Density on Yield and Its Components of Summer Maize in East Henan Province

作　　者：崔钦然 唐东山 赵广春 CUI Qinran;TANG Dongshan;ZHAO Guangchun(Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Suiyang District,Shangqiu,Henan 476000;Soil and Fertilizer Department of Shangqiu Rural Industrial Development Center,Shangqiu,Henan 476000)

机构地区：[1]商丘市睢阳区农业农村局,河南商丘476000 [2]商丘市乡村产业发展中心土壤肥料科,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第26期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为研究豫东地区主推的夏玉米品种的最佳种植密度,选用‘登海605’、‘美加605’、‘中科505’和‘MY73’4个玉米品种为供试材料,在4处不同生产环境条件下,每个品种分别设8种不同种植密度处理,采用随机区组试验设计方法,研究种植密度对产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,空棵率随密度增加而增加;穗粒数随密度的增加而下降且呈线性负相关关系,种植密度在一定范围内对穗粒数的影响差异不显著且不同品种表现也不相同;千粒重随密度增加下降趋势明显且呈线性负相关关系;产量随密度的增加表现为先增后减的趋势。研究发现,各品种的适宜种植密度范围为:‘登海605’为60000~82500株/hm^(2),最佳密度69102株/hm^(2);‘美加605’为60000~75000株/hm^(2),最佳密度72277株/hm^(2);‘中科505’为52500~67500株/hm^(2),最佳密度60727株/hm^(2);‘MY73’为60000~82500株/hm^(2),最佳密度72141株/hm^(2)。通过试验得出豫东地区主推夏玉米品种的适宜种植密度,可以为地方增产起到示范推广的作用。To study the effect of planting density on yield and its components,4 main cultivated cultivars in east Henan Province were investigated respectively under 4 different production environments,adopting the method of randomized block test design.The results showed that the rate of empty stalk increased along with the increase of planting density,grain number per spike declined with the increase of density with a negative linear correlation,the effect of planting density on number of grains per ear was not significant and the results varied with different cultivars;the declining trend of 1000-grain weight was obvious along with the increase of density and a negative linear correlation existed;the grain yield increased first and then decreased with the density increasing;suitable planting densities were listed.‘Denghai 605’was 60000-82500 plants/hm^(2),and the optimum density was 69102 plants/hm^(2);‘Meijia 605’was 60000-75000 plants/hm^(2),and the optimum density was 72277 plants/hm^(2);‘Zhongke 505’was 52500-67500 plants/hm^(2),and the optimum density was 60727 plants/hm^(2);‘MY73’was 60000-82500 plants/hm^(2),and the optimum density was 72141 plants/hm^(2).

关 键 词：夏玉米 种植密度 豫东地区 产量 穗粒数 千粒重 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]