一株鲫鱼致病性普通变形杆菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究  

Identification and Biological Characterization Study of a Pathogenic Proteus vulgaris Strain from Crucian carp

作　　者：赵彦华[1] 金承玲 林海[1] 姜虎成[1] 张世勇[1] 刘洪岩[1] 孙梦玲[1] 夏爱军[1] ZHAO Yanhua;JIN Chengling;LIN Hai;JIANG Hucheng;ZHANG Shiyong;LIU Hongyan;SUN Mengling;XIA Aijun(Jiangsu Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Nanjing 210017;Aquatic Technology Promotion Station of Jiangning District,Nanjing 211100)

机构地区：[1]江苏省淡水水产研究所,南京210017 [2]南京市江宁区水产技术推广站,南京211100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第26期154-158,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-45);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金-大宗淡水鱼越冬综合征的发病机制及绿色防控关键技术研究[CX(23)1007]。

摘　　要：本研究对患病鲫鱼进行发病原因探究,致病菌特性分析,从而为鲫鱼病害的防控提供理论基础。通过从患病鲫鱼肝脏和肠道中分离纯化细菌,对分离菌进行16S rRNA序列分析、人工感染试验、生理生化鉴定、系统发育树构建,并通过纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,筛选敏感药物。从病鱼肝脏和肠道中均分离出菌株A,16S rRNA序列分析和理化特性均与普通变形杆菌Proteus vulgaris基本一致,人工感染试验证实菌株A为致病菌,LD50为9.77×10^(6)CFU/尾。菌株A对头孢唑啉、头孢拉定、氟苯尼考、卡那霉素、阿奇霉素及庆大霉素等6种抗生素高度敏感,对阿莫西林、红霉素、新霉素、克林霉素及多西环素等5种抗生素耐药。本次试验结果表明菌株A为普通变形杆菌,是此次鲫鱼病害的主要元凶,临床治疗可以根据药敏试验选用高度敏感抗生素进行治疗。To investigate the causes of disease and analyze the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of disease in Crucian carp,bacteria were isolated and purified from the liver and intestine of diseased Crucian carp.The isolated bacteria underwent 16S rRNA sequence analysis,artificial infection test,physiological and biochemical identification,and phylogenetic tree construction and a drug susceptibility test using disk diffusion method to screen for sensitive drugs.Strain A was isolated from the liver and intestines of diseased fish.Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence determination,biochemical identification and phylogenetic tree construction,strain A was identified as Proteus vulgaris.Artificial infection test confirmed that strain A was the pathogenic bacterium,with an LD50 of 9.77×10^(6)CFU/tail.Strain A was susceptible to 6 agents,including cefazolin,cefadroxil,flufenicol,kanamycin,azithromycin and gentamicin.It was resistant to 5 antibiotics,including amoxicillin,erythrocin,neomycin,clindamycin and doxycycline.The results of this experiment indicated that strain A is the Proteus vulgaris,the main culprit of the disease.Based on the drug sensitivity test,highly sensitive antibiotics can be selected for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：普通变形杆菌 鲫鱼 鲫鱼病害 发病原因 药敏试验 鉴定 药敏特性 生物学特性 抗生素治疗 

分 类 号：S943[农业科学—水产养殖]