浅埋滴灌下氮磷双移减施对春玉米干物质积累转运及产量的影响  

Effects on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Spring Maize:Nitrogen and Phosphorus Double Removal and Reduction under Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation

作　　者：王真真 张玉芹[1,2] 杨恒山 张瑞富[1,2] 金玉 王姝璇[1] 鲁敏媛 WANG Zhenzhen;ZHANG Yuqin;YANG Hengshan;ZHANG Ruifu;JIN Yu;WANG Shuxuan;LU Minyuan(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao,Inner Mongolia 028042;Inner Mongolia Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center,Tongliao,Inner Mongolia 028042;Horqin Right Wing Middle Banner Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Xing’an League,Inner Mongolia 029300)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028042 [2]内蒙古饲用作物工程技术研究中心,内蒙古通辽028042 [3]内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古兴安盟029300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第27期7-13,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“西辽河平原灌区秸秆持续还田下土壤氮素变化与提高玉米氮效率的生理机制”(31960382)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究浅埋滴灌下氮磷双移减施对春玉米产量、干物质积累及转运的影响。通过设置常规施肥为对照,设置氮磷双移氮磷常量、氮磷双移氮肥减量30%、氮磷双移磷肥减量30%和氮磷双移氮磷均减量30%4个处理,测定玉米叶片SPAD值和叶面积指数、植株干物质量和籽粒产量。结果表明,与CK相比,N_(2)P_(2)籽粒产量2年分别增加4.71%和3.84%,叶片SPAD值和叶面积指数增加,干物质积累量、转运量及转运对籽粒贡献率均显著增加。氮磷双移下,常量施肥提高玉米干物质积累量,促进干物质向籽粒的转运,产量增加;氮肥和磷肥减施30%,干物质积累量、转运量、转运对籽粒贡献率及籽粒产量均降低,N_(1)水平下磷肥减施30%2年产量分别下降3.22%和3.84%,P_(1)水平氮肥减施30%2年产量分别下降了8.23%和16.35%。To investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus double removal and reduction on yield,dry matter accumulation and translocation of spring maize under shallow buried drip irrigation,the four treatments of N_(2)P_(2) nitrogen and phosphorus constant,N_(2)P_(2) nitrogen fertilizer 30%reduction,N_(2)P_(2) phosphorus fertilizer 30%reduction and N_(2)P_(2) nitrogen and phosphorus both 30%reduction were set up to determine the SPAD value,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation and yield of spring maize using conventional fertilization as the control.The results showed that compared with CK,yield of N_(2)P_(2) increased by 4.71%and 3.84%in 2019 and 2020,and the leaf SPAD value,leaf area index increased,dry matter accumulation and translocation contribution to kernel and yield all increased significantly.Under the nitrogen and phosphorus double removal,constant fertilizer application increased the dry matter accumulation and improved the dry matter transport to grain;the dry matter accumulation,translocation contribution to seed grain and yield all decreased under 30%reduction of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer;the yields of 2019 and 2020 respectively decreased by 3.22%and 3.84%under 30%reduction of phosphorus fertilizer at the N_(1) level,and the yields of 2019 and 2020 respectively decreased by 8.23%and 16.35%under 30%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer at the P_(1) level.

关 键 词：浅埋滴灌 玉米 氮磷双移减施 物质积累转运 产量 干物质积累 转运 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]