立式锅壳式蒸汽锅炉爆炸事故失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Explosion Accident of a Vertical Watertube Steam Boiler

作　　者：诸滔 马歆[1] 季一锦[1] 占龙杨[1] 周俊[1] Zhu Tao;Ma Xin;Ji Yijin;Zhan Longyang;Zhou Jun(Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210036)

机构地区：[1]江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院,南京210036

出　　处：《中国特种设备安全》2024年第9期55-61,86,共8页China Special Equipment Safety

基　　金：江苏省市场监督管理局科技项目(kJ2024026)。

摘　　要：针对某企业发生的一起立式锅壳式蒸汽锅炉爆炸事故,本文对失效锅炉样品分别进行了壁厚测量、金相分析、硬度试验、拉伸试验、化学成分分析、断口分析。分析结果表明:锅炉残骸样品力学性能、金相分析、厚度等均未发现异常,补焊板存在未焊透、夹渣等严重缺陷,补板与锅壳焊缝厚度远小于锅壳名义厚度,补焊锅炉本体撕裂断口形貌为韧性断裂,锅炉由于替换后的补板强度不够而发生爆炸失效。A vertical watertube steam boiler explosion accident occurred in an enterprise,a series of tests were carried out on the failed boiler samples,such as wall thickness measurement,metallographic analysis,hardness test,tensile test,chemical composition analysis and fracture analysis.The analysis results showed that no abnormality was found in the mechanical properties,metallurgical analysis and thickness of the boiler wreckage samples,and serious defects such as incomplete welding and slag inclusion were found in the patch welding plate.The thickness of the weld between the patch plate and shell was far less than the nominal thickness of the shell.The tear fracture morphology of the patch welding boiler body was toughness fracture,the boiler exploded and failed due to insufficient strength of the replaced patched plate.

关 键 词：锅炉爆炸 试验检测 失效分析 断口形貌 

分 类 号：X933.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]