既有建筑砌体结构健康监测和损伤预警研究  

Structural health monitoring and damage alarming for existing masonry buildings

作　　者：郑亮 谭磊 杨晓辉 李雨航 邓扬 ZHENG Liang;TAN Lei;YANG Xiaohui;LI Yuhang;DENG Yang(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102627,China;Beijing Construction Engineering Quality Third Inspection Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100037,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing Polytechnic,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院,北京102627 [2]北京市建设工程质量第三检测所有限责任公司,北京100037 [3]北京电子科技职业学院机电工程学院,北京100176

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第8期170-177,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52278290)。

摘　　要：为保障既有建筑砌体结构运营期间的结构安全并延长其使用寿命,利用结构健康监测(SHM)系统与均值控制图,研究砌体结构的状况评估和预警机制。以北京市东城区某砌体结构为例,首先,根据该结构病害和损伤状况设计并实施对应的SHM系统,选取该结构承重墙裂缝和窗台相对位移作为监测对象;其次,收集结构响应和环境温度的数据,并利用收集后的监测数据构建结构响应同环境温度的相关性模型;然后,利用相关性模型模拟出结构响应监测数据的温度效应;最后,提出结构状态指数,并结合均值控制图预警分析该结构。结果表明:该监测系统能够实时采集监测数据,掌握砌体结构的健康状况,并对其结构损伤做出预警;根据监测结果,裂缝宽度和窗台相对位移的变化范围分别为[0.746,4.391]和[1.282,5.690]mm,均处在安全范围之内。根据预警系统中均值控制图结果,该结构裂缝宽度和相对位移发展趋势均处于正常状态。In order to guarantee the structural safety of masonry structures in existing buildings and prolong their lifespan,a SHM system and the mean value control charts were employed to investigate the condition evaluation and early alarming mechanism of these structures.The monitoring items for this structure were chosen to be the load-bearing wall cracks and the relative displacement of window sills.The data about structural reaction and ambient temperature was collected,and a correlation model between these two factors was built.Additionally,the correlation model was employed to replicate the temperature impact of the data collected from monitoring the structural response.Ultimately,the structural condition index was suggested and integrated with the mean value control chart to assess the early detection of potential issues in the structure.The structural condition index represented the disparity between the simulated outcomes of the correlation model and the real measured values.The findings demonstrate that the system has the capability to gather real-time monitoring data,accurately assess structural health,and promptly alert about structural damage.The monitoring data indicate that the crack width varies between 0.746 and 4.391 mm,while the sill relative displacement spans from 1.282 to 5.690 mm.Both of these variations are within the acceptable safety limit.From the findings of the mean value control chart in the early alarming system,the fracture width and relative displacement of the window sill are within normal parameters.

关 键 词：既有建筑 砌体结构 结构健康监测(SHM) 损伤预警 相关性模型 均值控制图 

分 类 号：X924.3[环境科学与工程—安全科学]