新疆昌吉地区葡萄主要病虫害及绿色防控技术  

Main Diseases and Pests and Its Green Control Technology of Grape in Changji,Xinjiang

作　　者：樊雯娟 马巨明 许玲[2] 丁明 唐忠建[4] Fan Wenjuan;Ma Juming;Xu Ling;Ding Ming;Tang Zhongjian(Changji Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Changji,Xinjang 831100,China;Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Changji,Xinjang 831100,China;Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical University,Changji,Xinjang 831100,China)

机构地区：[1]昌吉市农牧业技术推广中心,新疆昌吉831100 [2]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013 [3]昌吉州农牧业技术推广中心,新疆昌吉831100 [4]新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《东南园艺》2024年第4期326-333,共8页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目(2022BKF181);福建省农业科学院东西部协作项目(DKBF-2023-07)。

摘　　要：为明确新疆昌吉地区‘红地球’葡萄病虫害的发生为害情况,探索绿色防治技术,以提升昌吉地区葡萄果实品质和葡萄产业竞争力。通过调查红地球葡萄的病虫害发生时间、为害程度,明确2023年昌吉地区葡萄生产上的主要病害有5种,其中为害葡萄果穗的有葡萄穗轴褐枯病、白粉病、灰霉病、酸腐病等4种病害,为害葡萄叶片的是霜霉病;葡萄虫害主要有烟蓟马、绿盲蝽、葡萄瘿螨、葡萄二星斑叶蝉、白星花金龟等5种,其中前4种主要在葡萄叶片上发生为害,而白星花金龟的主要为害部位是葡萄果穗。根据昌吉地区10种葡萄病虫害的为害特点,在葡萄的萌芽期、展叶期、花序期、幼果期、封穗期、果实转色期、成熟期、落叶期等物候期,采取了相应的绿色防治技术,并进行技术总结,供新疆昌吉地区红地球葡萄生产应用。The aim of this paper is to determine the occurrence and damage of diseases and insect pests of grape‘Red Globe'in Changji,Xinjiang,explore green prevention and control technology in order to improve fruit quality and industry competitiveness of grape in Changji.The occurrence time and damage degree of diseases and insect pests of grape‘Red Globe'were investigated.The results showed that five main diseases of grape were determined in Changji in 2023.The diseases that damage spike included grape alternaria spot,powdery mildew,gray mold and sour rot and the disease that damages leaf was downy mildew.The main pests were thrips,green plant bug,grape gall mite,two-star leafhopper and white star flower beetle.The above four pests mainly damage leaf while white star flower beetle damage cluster.According to the damage characteristics of the above diseases and pests of grape in Changji,some corresponding green prevention and control measures should be adopted in grape phenological phase including germination stage,leaf expansion stage,inflorescence stage,young fruit stage,cluster competition stage,fruit coloring stage,fruit maturity stage and defoliation stage.Green prevention and control techniques were summarized for production of grape‘Red Globe'in Changji,Xinjiang.

关 键 词：葡萄 病虫害 绿色防控 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]