脑科学视角下涉罪未成年人人身危险性评估的完善路径研究  

Study on the Improvement Path of Personal Dangerousness Assessment for Minors Involved in Crime:A Perspective of Brain Science

作　　者：谷超[1] 郑凯琪 GU Chao;ZHENG Kaiqi(School of Law,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225100,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学法学院,江苏扬州225100

出　　处：《河南警察学院学报》2024年第5期23-35,共13页Journal of Henan Police College

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“情感的刑事司法功能研究”(20BFX007);扬州大学基金立项项目“儒家罪刑相当观念研究”(Xjj2021-02)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：对涉罪未成年人进行司法处遇和教育矫治,应该关注其自身认知和行为能力的特点,这些特点与其大脑发育水平密切相关。人身危险性评估是处遇涉罪未成年人并提出矫治方案的重要依据,应将涉罪未成年人大脑发育水平纳入评估体系。以影响认知与行为的神经生物学为根基,发掘未成年人大脑皮层发育成熟度与其认知和行为控制能力之间的关联,构建涉罪未成年人大脑发育水平评估模型,通过检测相关脑区灰质、白质以及神经递质发育状况,研判涉罪未成年人的认知及行为控制能力,为司法处遇提供更加科学客观的依据,为教育矫治提供更加精准化的指导。When considering punishment and rehabilitation for minors involved in crime,it is essential to take into account their cognitive and behavioral abilities,which are closely linked with their brain development.Assessment of personal dangerousness is an important basis for handling and treating minors involved in crimes and proposing correctional programs.The developmental level of the brains of juveniles involved in crimes should be included in the assessment system.Based on the neurobiology that affects cognition and behavior,this approach explores the correlation between the maturity level of the juvenile's cerebral cortex and their cognitive and behavioral control abilities.It constructs an assessment model for the developmental level of the brains of juveniles involved in crimes.By detecting the development status of gray matter,white matter and neurotransmitters in relevant brain regions,it evaluates the cognitive and behavioral control abilities of the juveniles involved in crimes.This provides a more scientific and objective basis for judicial handling and more precise guidance for educational correction.

关 键 词：涉罪未成年人 人身危险性评估 脑发育水平 认知和行为能力 

分 类 号：D924.11[政治法律—刑法学]